Rutherfordium is a synthetic element (an element created in a laboratory but is not found in nature) and radioactive. The most stable known isotope is 267Rf and has a half-life of 1.3 hours. In the 1960s, small amounts of rutherfordium were produced in laboratories in the former Soviet Union and in California.

1964 by Workers at the Nuclear Institute at Dubna and the University of California, Berkeley, USA.

DISCOVERY

From the name of Lord “Rutherford”, physicist and chemist from New Zealand.

ETYMOLOGY

Rutherfordium

Element

Rf

Symbol

104

104 Atomic Number

Atomic Number

Transition Metal

Classification

53850-36-5

CAS Number

-

Elemental Colour

-

Refractive Index

-

Poisson Ratio

11.514 cm³

Molar Volume

-

Brinell Hardness

-

Mohs Hardness

-

Vickers Hardness

-

Speed of Sound

-

Bulk Modulus

-

Shear Modulus

-

Young Modulus

Allotropes

NONE

-

Melting Point

-

Boiling Point

-

Automatic Ignition

-

Flashpoint

-

Critical Temperature

-

Critical Pressure

-

Thermal Conductivity

-

Thermal Expansion

-

Specific Heat

-

Heat Fusion

-

Heat Vaporisation

-

Heat Combustion

-

Curie Point

-

Neel Point

-

Adiabatic Index

Solid

Phase

-

Electrical Type

-

Conductivity

-

Resistivity

-

Superconducting Point

-

Magnetic Type

-

Mass Susceptibility

-

Molar Susceptibility

-

Volume Susceptibility

Material Composition

-

Universe

-

Meteorites

-

Sun

-

Earth Crust

-

Oceans

-

Humans

267.121'790'0

Atomic Weight

-

Atomic Radius

157 pm

Covalent Radius Single Bond

140 pm

Covalent Radius Double Bond

131 pm

Covalent Radius Triple Bond

150 pm

Van der Waals Radius

[Rn]7s²5f¹⁴6d²

Electron Configuration

Hexagonal, Close Packed Single

Crystal Structure

23.200'00 g/cm³

Density as Solid

-

Density as Liquid

-

Density as Gas

-

Space Group Name

-

Space Group Number

-

Lattice Angles

-

Lattice Constants

13.06 hours

Half Life

18.89 hours

Lifetime

6d² = 6, 2, -1, +1/2

Quantum Numbers

-

Neutron Cross Section

-

Neutron Mass Absorption

Stable Isotopes

NONE

Unstable Isotopes

Isotopes Overview

Isotope	Stability	Symbol	Type	Protons		Neutrons		Spin	Parity	Mass		Abundance		Mass Measure	Mass Excess		Binding Energy		Dipole Moment	Quadrupole Moment	Halflife in Years		Halflife in Seconds		A01 Decay Probability		A01 Decay Mode	A01 Decay Energy		A01 Decay Daughter	A01 Decay Link	A02 Decay Mode	A02 Decay Energy		A02 Decay Daughter	A02 Decay Link	A03 Decay Probability		A03 Decay Mode	A03 Decay Energy		A03 Decay Daughter	A03 Decay Link	Y01 Decay Product Yield		Y01 Decay Product Nuclide	Y02 Decay Product Yield		Y02 Decay Product Nuclide	Y03 Decay Product Yield		Y03 Decay Product Nuclide	Y04 Decay Product Yield		Y04 Decay Product Nuclide	Y05 Decay Product Yield		Y05 Decay Product Nuclide	Y06 Decay Product Yield		Y06 Decay Product Nuclide	Y07 Decay Product Yield		Y07 Decay Product Nuclide	Y08 Decay Product Yield		Y08 Decay Product Nuclide	Y09 Decay Product Yield		Y09 Decay Product Nuclide	Y10 Decay Product Yield		Y10 Decay Product Nuclide	Y11 Decay Product Yield		Y11 Decay Product Nuclide	Y12 Decay Product Yield		Y12 Decay Product Nuclide
Isotope_104_rf_253_u	Unstable	²⁵³Rf	Fermion	104	p	149	n	7/2	1	253.100'689'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	111.132'000'000'0	MeV	7.351'000'000'0	MeV	-	-	4.12E-10	year	13.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	50.000'000	%	α	9,550.000	keV	²⁵⁹No	²⁵³Rf > [ 50 % , α , 9,550.0 keV ] > ²⁵⁹No	SF	?	keV	V	²⁵³Rf > [ , SF , ? keV ] > V								?	%	²⁰⁵Tl	?	%	²⁰⁷Pb				?	%	²⁰⁶Pb	?	%	¹⁷⁶Hf	?	%	¹⁶⁰Dy	?	%	¹⁴⁰Ce	?	%	¹⁵²Sm	?	%	¹⁸⁰Hf	?	%	¹⁵⁶Gd	?	%	¹⁶⁸Er	?	%	¹⁶⁴Dy
Isotope_104_rf_254_u	Unstable	²⁵⁴Rf	Boson	104	p	150	n	0	1	254.100'184'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	93.791'000'000'0	MeV	7.379'000'000'0	MeV	-	-	7.29E-13	year	23.000	micro-seconds ( x⁻⁶ )	98.500'000	%	SF	?	keV	V	²⁵⁴Rf > [ 98.5 % , SF , ? keV ] > V	α	9,380.000	keV	²⁵⁰No	²⁵⁴Rf > [ , α , 9,380.0 keV ] > ²⁵⁰No								0.000'000	%	²⁰⁶Pb	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁵Tl	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁸Pb
Isotope_104_rf_255_u	Unstable	²⁵⁵Rf	Fermion	104	p	151	n	9/2	-1	255.101'340'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	93.320'000'000'0	MeV	7.384'7.384'7.384'7.384	MeV	-	-	5.20E-8	year	1.640	seconds ( x⁰ )	52.000'000	%	SF	?	keV	V	²⁵⁵Rf > [ 52 % , SF , ? keV ] > V	α	9,058.000	keV	²⁵¹No	²⁵⁵Rf > [ , α , 9,058.0 keV ] > ²⁵¹No								47.814'890	%	²⁰⁷Pb	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁵Tl	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁶Pb	0.000'000	%	¹⁶⁰Dy	0.000'000	%	¹⁴⁰Ce	?	%	¹⁷²Yb	?	%	¹⁷⁶Hf	?	%	¹⁵²Sm	?	%	¹⁸⁰Hf	?	%	¹⁵⁶Gd	?	%	¹⁶⁸Er	?	%	¹⁶⁴Dy
Isotope_104_rf_256_u	Unstable	²⁵⁶Rf	Boson	104	p	152	n	0	1	256.101'166'194'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	94.397'000'000'0	MeV	7.382'000'000'0	MeV	-	-	2.04E-10	year	6.450	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	99.680'000	%	SF	?	keV	V	²⁵⁶Rf > [ 99.68 % , SF , ? keV ] > V	α	8,929.700	keV	²⁵²No	²⁵⁶Rf > [ , α , 8,929.7 keV ] > ²⁵²No								0.215'443	%	²⁰⁸Pb	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁶Pb	?	%	²⁰⁰Hg	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁸Pb
Isotope_104_rf_257_u	Unstable	²⁵⁷Rf	Fermion	104	p	153	n	1/2	1	257.102'990'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	94.235'704'000'0	MeV	7.385'381'000'0	MeV	-	-	1.49E-7	year	4.700	seconds ( x⁰ )	88.000'000	%	α	9,043.900	keV	²⁵³No	²⁵⁷Rf > [ 88 % , α , 9,043.9 keV ] > ²⁵³No	β+	2,177.000	keV	²⁵⁷Lr	²⁵⁷Rf > [ , β+ , 2,177.0 keV ] > ²⁵⁷Lr	1.400'000	%	SF	?	keV	V	²⁵⁷Rf > [ 1.4 % , SF , ? keV ] > V	99.476'033	%	²⁰⁵Tl	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁷Pb
Isotope_104_rf_258_u	Unstable	²⁵⁸Rf	Boson	104	p	154	n	0	1	258.103'489'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	95.934'000'000'0	MeV	7.381'000'000'0	MeV	-	-	3.80E-10	year	12.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	87.000'000	%	SF	?	keV	V	²⁵⁸Rf > [ 87 % , SF , ? keV ] > V	α	9,250.000	keV	²⁵⁴No	²⁵⁸Rf > [ , α , 9,250.0 keV ] > ²⁵⁴No								12.971'047	%	²⁰⁶Pb	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁵Tl	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁸Pb
Isotope_104_rf_259_u	Unstable	²⁵⁹Rf	Fermion	104	p	155	n	7/2	1	259.105'637'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	96.399'000'000'0	MeV	7.382'7.382'7.382'7.382	MeV	-	-	8.87E-8	year	2.800	seconds ( x⁰ )	92.000'000	%	α	9,121.000	keV	²⁵⁵No	²⁵⁹Rf > [ 92 % , α , 9,121.0 keV ] > ²⁵⁵No	SF	?	keV	V	²⁵⁹Rf > [ , SF , ? keV ] > V	0.300'000	%	β+	1,526.000	keV	²⁵⁹Lr	²⁵⁹Rf > [ 0.3 % , β+ , 1,526.0 keV ] > ²⁵⁹Lr	92.490'570	%	²⁰⁷Pb	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁵Tl	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁶Pb	0.000'000	%	¹⁶⁰Dy	0.000'000	%	¹⁴⁰Ce	?	%	¹⁷²Yb	?	%	¹⁷⁶Hf	?	%	¹⁵²Sm	?	%	¹⁸⁰Hf	?	%	¹⁵⁶Gd	?	%	¹⁶⁸Er	?	%	¹⁶⁴Dy
Isotope_104_rf_260_u	Unstable	²⁶⁰Rf	Boson	104	p	156	n	0	1	260.106'440'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	98.400'000'000'0	MeV	7.377'000'000'0	MeV	-	-	6.65E-11	year	2.100	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	98.000'000	%	SF	?	keV	V	²⁶⁰Rf > [ 98 % , SF , ? keV ] > V	α	8,900.000	keV	²⁵⁶No	²⁶⁰Rf > [ , α , 8,900.0 keV ] > ²⁵⁶No	0.010'000	%	ϵ	873.000	keV	²⁶⁰Lr	²⁶⁰Rf > [ 0.01 % , ϵ , 873.0 keV ] > ²⁶⁰Lr	2.000'746	%	²⁰⁸Pb	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁰Hg				0.000'000	%	²⁰⁸Pb
Isotope_104_rf_261_u	Unstable	²⁶¹Rf	Fermion	104	p	157	n	3/2	1	261.108'766'556'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	99.149'000'000'0	MeV	7.377'000'000'0	MeV	-	-	1.74E-7	year	5.500	seconds ( x⁰ )	60.000'000	%	α	8,650.000	keV	²⁵⁷No	²⁶¹Rf > [ 60 % , α , 8,650.0 keV ] > ²⁵⁷No	SF	?	keV	V	²⁶¹Rf > [ , SF , ? keV ] > V								60.033'651	%	²⁰⁵Tl	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁷Pb
Isotope_104_rf_262_u	Unstable	²⁶²Rf	Boson	104	p	158	n	0	1	262.109'925'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	101.315'395'000'0	MeV	7.371'396'000'0	MeV	-	-	7.29E-8	year	2.300	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	SF	?	keV	V	²⁶²Rf > [ 100 % , SF , ? keV ] > V	α	8,490.000	keV	²⁵⁸No	²⁶²Rf > [ , α , 8,490.0 keV ] > ²⁵⁸No								0.000'008	%	²⁰⁶Pb	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁵Tl	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁸Pb
Isotope_104_rf_263_u	Unstable	²⁶³Rf	Fermion	104	p	159	n	3/2	1	263.112'547'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	102.394'000'000'0	MeV	7.370'000'000'0	MeV	-	-	2.09E-5	year	660.000	seconds ( x⁰ )	70.000'000	%	SF	?	keV	V	²⁶³Rf > [ 70 % , SF , ? keV ] > V	α	8,302.000	keV	²⁵⁹No	²⁶³Rf > [ , α , 8,302.0 keV ] > ²⁵⁹No								22.659'940	%	²⁰⁷Pb	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁵Tl	0.000'000	%	²⁰⁶Pb	0.000'000	%	¹⁶⁰Dy	0.000'000	%	¹⁴⁰Ce	?	%	¹⁷²Yb	?	%	¹⁷⁶Hf	?	%	¹⁵²Sm	?	%	¹⁸⁰Hf	?	%	¹⁵⁶Gd	?	%	¹⁶⁸Er	?	%	¹⁶⁴Dy
Isotope_104_rf_264_u	Unstable	²⁶⁴Rf	Boson	104	p	160	n	0	1	264.113'985'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	104.837'000'000'0	MeV	7.363'000'000'0	MeV	-	-	1.27E-4	year	3.996	kilo-seconds ( x³ )	?	%	α	8,140.000	keV	²⁶⁰No	²⁶⁴Rf > [ ? % , α , 8,140.0 keV ] > ²⁶⁰No																						0.000'000	%	²⁰⁸Pb
Isotope_104_rf_265_u	Unstable	²⁶⁵Rf	Fermion	104	p	161	n	3/2	1	265.116'704'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	106.176'000'000'0	MeV	7.361'000'000'0	MeV	-	-	1.49E-3	year	47.002	kilo-seconds ( x³ )	?	%	α	7,780.000	keV	²⁶¹No	²⁶⁵Rf > [ ? % , α , 7,780.0 keV ] > ²⁶¹No													?	%	²⁰⁵Tl	?	%	²⁰⁷Pb
Isotope_104_rf_266_u	Unstable	²⁶⁶Rf	Boson	104	p	162	n	0	1	266.117'956'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	108.709'000'000'0	MeV	7.354'000'000'0	MeV	-	-	2.74E-2	year	864.000	kilo-seconds ( x³ )	?	%	α	7,500.000	keV	²⁶²No	²⁶⁶Rf > [ ? % , α , 7,500.0 keV ] > ²⁶²No	SF	?	keV	V	²⁶⁶Rf > [ , SF , ? keV ] > V								?	%	¹⁷²Yb	?	%	²⁰⁵Tl	?	%	²⁰⁸Pb
Isotope_104_rf_267_u	Unstable	²⁶⁷Rf	Fermion	104	p	163	n	?	0	267.121'529'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	109.876'000'000'0	MeV	7.352'000'000'0	MeV	-	-	6.34E-4	year	20.016	kilo-seconds ( x³ )	?	%	α	7,800.000	keV	²⁶³No	²⁶⁷Rf > [ ? % , α , 7,800.0 keV ] > ²⁶³No	SF	?	keV	V	²⁶⁷Rf > [ , SF , ? keV ] > V																	?	%	²⁰⁶Pb	?	%	¹⁷⁶Hf	?	%	¹⁶⁰Dy	?	%	¹⁴⁰Ce	?	%	¹⁵²Sm	?	%	¹⁸⁰Hf	?	%	¹⁵⁶Gd	?	%	¹⁶⁸Er	?	%	¹⁶⁴Dy
Isotope_104_rf_268_u	Unstable	²⁶⁸Rf	Boson	104	p	164	n	0	1	268.123'644'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	113.204'000'000'0	MeV	7.343'000'000'0	MeV	-	-	1.27E-4	year	3.996	kilo-seconds ( x³ )	?	%	α	8,100.000	keV	²⁶⁴No	²⁶⁸Rf > [ ? % , α , 8,100.0 keV ] > ²⁶⁴No	SF	?	keV	V	²⁶⁸Rf > [ , SF , ? keV ] > V

104 – Rutherfordium, Rf

104 – Rutherfordium, Rf

104 – Rutherfordium, Rf

104 – Rutherfordium, Rf

104 – Rutherfordium, Rf

Spectrograph

Elemental Tile

Rutherfordium

Spectrograph

Elemental Tile

Rutherfordium

Spectrograph

Elemental Tile

Rutherfordium

Spectrograph

Elemental Tile

Rutherfordium

Spectrograph

Elemental Tile

Rutherfordium