72 – Hafnium, Hf

PERIODIC TABLE

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Hafnium
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Hafnium is a lustrous, silvery grey, tetravalent transition metal, which chemically resembles and is found in zirconium minerals. It is used in filaments, electrodes and semiconductor fabrication processes.

1923 by Dirk Coster and George Charles von Hevesy, Denmark.

DISCOVERY

From Latin 'Hafnia' meaning 'Copenhagen'.

ETYMOLOGY

Hafnium

Element

Hf

Symbol

72 Atomic Number

Transition Metal

Classification

7440-58-6

CAS Number

Grey

Elemental Colour

-

Refractive Index

0.370 Poisson Ratio

8.667 cm³

Molar Volume

1.70G Pa, 16.777'7k Atm

16.777'7k Atm

Brinell Hardness

5.50 Mohs Hardness

1.76G Pa, 17.369'8k Atm

17.369'8k Atm

Vickers Hardness

3,010 m/s, Mach 8.775'5

3,010 m/s

Speed of Sound

110.00G Pa, 1.085'6M Atm

1.085'6M Atm

Bulk Modulus

30.00G Pa, 296.077'0k Atm

296.077'0k Atm

Shear Modulus

78.00G Pa, 769.800'1k Atm

769.800'1k Atm

Young Modulus

Allotropes

2,506.15 K, 2,233.00 °C

2,233.00 °C

Melting Point

4,876.15 K, 4,603.00 °C

4,603.00 °C

Boiling Point

-

Automatic Ignition

-

Flashpoint

-

Critical Temperature

-

Critical Pressure

23.000'000 W/(m K)

Thermal Conductivity

0.000'005'9 K^-1

Thermal Expansion

144.00 J/(kg K)

Specific Heat

25.500 kJ/mol

Heat Fusion

630.000 kJ/mol

Heat Vaporisation

-

Heat Combustion

-

Curie Point

-

Neel Point

-

Adiabatic Index

Solid

Phase

Conductor

Electrical Type

3.30M S/m

Conductivity

300.00n Ω.m

Resistivity

0.128 K

Superconducting Point

-

Magnetic Type

0.000'000'005'3

Mass Susceptibility

0.000'000'000'946'00

Molar Susceptibility

0.000'070'500'00

Volume Susceptibility

Material Composition

0.000'000'1 %

Universe

0.000'017 %

Meteorites

0.000'000'1 %

Sun

0.000'34 %

Earth Crust

0.000'000'000'8 %

Oceans

-

Humans

115.359'722'4

Atomic Weight

200 pm

Atomic Radius

152 pm

Covalent Radius Single Bond

128 pm

Covalent Radius Double Bond

122 pm

Covalent Radius Triple Bond

212 pm

Van der Waals Radius

[Xe]6s²4f¹⁴5d²

Electron Configuration

Hexagonal, Close Packed Single

Crystal Structure

13.310'00 g/cm³

Density as Solid

12.000'00 g/cm³

Density as Liquid

-

Density as Gas

P6₃/mmc

Space Group Name

194 Space Group Number

π/2, π/2 & 2π/3

Lattice Angles

319.64, 319.64 & 505.11 pm

Lattice Constants

4 Valence

1.3 Electronegativity

17.17 kJ/mol

Electron Affinity

Ionisation Energy

Stable

Half Life

Stable

Lifetime

5d² = 5, 2, -1, +1/2

Quantum Numbers

10.200'00 b σ_s

Neutron Cross Section

104.100'00 b σ_a

Neutron Mass Absorption

Stable Isotopes

Unstable Isotopes

Isotopes Overview

Isotope	Stability	Symbol	Type	Protons		Neutrons		Spin	Parity	Mass		Abundance		Mass Measure	Mass Excess		Binding Energy		Dipole Moment		Quadrupole Moment		Halflife in Years		Halflife in Seconds		A01 Decay Probability		A01 Decay Mode	A01 Decay Energy		A01 Decay Daughter	A01 Decay Link	A02 Decay Mode	A02 Decay Energy		A02 Decay Daughter	A02 Decay Link	Y01 Decay Product Yield		Y01 Decay Product Nuclide	Y02 Decay Product Yield		Y02 Decay Product Nuclide	Y03 Decay Product Yield		Y03 Decay Product Nuclide	Y04 Decay Product Yield		Y04 Decay Product Nuclide	Y05 Decay Product Yield		Y05 Decay Product Nuclide	Y06 Decay Product Yield		Y06 Decay Product Nuclide
Isotope_072_hf_153_u	Unstable	¹⁵³Hf	Fermion	72	p	81	n	1/2	1	152.970'690'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-27.302'000'000'0	MeV	7.882'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.27E-8	year	400.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	?	%	β+	10,084.000	keV	¹⁵³Lu	¹⁵³Hf > [ ? % , β+ , 10,084.0 keV ] > ¹⁵³Lu						?	%	¹⁴¹Pr	?	%	¹⁴⁵Nd	?	%	¹⁴³Nd	?	%	¹⁵¹Eu	?	%	¹⁴⁰Ce	?	%	¹⁵²Sm
Isotope_072_hf_154_u	Unstable	¹⁵⁴Hf	Boson	72	p	82	n	0	1	153.964'860'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-32.733'000'000'0	MeV	7.918'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		6.34E-8	year	2.000	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β+	5,813.000	keV	¹⁵⁴Lu	¹⁵⁴Hf > [ 100 % , β+ , 5,813.0 keV ] > ¹⁵⁴Lu	α	3,574.000	keV	¹⁵⁰Yb	¹⁵⁴Hf > [ , α , 3,574.0 keV ] > ¹⁵⁰Yb	?	%	¹⁴²Nd	?	%	¹⁵⁰Sm	?	%	¹⁵⁴Gd
Isotope_072_hf_155_u	Unstable	¹⁵⁵Hf	Fermion	72	p	83	n	7/2	-1	154.963'390'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-34.102'000'000'0	MeV	7.928'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		2.82E-7	year	8.900	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β+	7,430.000	keV	¹⁵⁵Lu	¹⁵⁵Hf > [ 100 % , β+ , 7,430.0 keV ] > ¹⁵⁵Lu	α	5,017.000	keV	¹⁵¹Yb	¹⁵⁵Hf > [ , α , 5,017.0 keV ] > ¹⁵¹Yb	64.796'160	%	¹⁵¹Eu	23.210'507	%	¹⁴³Nd	?	%	¹⁴²Nd	?	%	¹⁵⁵Gd	?	%	¹⁵⁰Sm
Isotope_072_hf_156_u	Unstable	¹⁵⁶Hf	Boson	72	p	84	n	0	1	155.959'364'025'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-37.852'167'000'0	MeV	7.952'876'000'0	MeV	-		-		7.29E-10	year	23.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	97.000'000	%	α	6,028.490	keV	¹⁵²Yb	¹⁵⁶Hf > [ 97 % , α , 6,028.49 keV ] > ¹⁵²Yb	β+	4,876.000	keV	¹⁵⁶Lu	¹⁵⁶Hf > [ , β+ , 4,876.0 keV ] > ¹⁵⁶Lu	8.536'000	%	¹⁴⁰Ce	?	%	¹⁴²Nd	?	%	¹⁵¹Eu	?	%	¹⁵²Sm	?	%	¹⁵⁶Gd
Isotope_072_hf_157_u	Unstable	¹⁵⁷Hf	Fermion	72	p	85	n	7/2	-1	156.958'396'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-38.754'000'000'0	MeV	7.959'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		3.64E-9	year	115.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	86.000'000	%	α	5,879.930	keV	¹⁵³Yb	¹⁵⁷Hf > [ 86 % , α , 5,879.93 keV ] > ¹⁵³Yb	β+	6,707.000	keV	¹⁵⁷Lu	¹⁵⁷Hf > [ , β+ , 6,707.0 keV ] > ¹⁵⁷Lu	6.678'473	%	¹⁴⁵Nd	0.000'605	%	¹⁴⁰Ce	0.000'000	%	¹⁴¹Pr	?	%	¹⁵⁷Gd	?	%	¹⁵³Eu	?	%	¹⁵²Sm
Isotope_072_hf_158_u	Unstable	¹⁵⁸Hf	Boson	72	p	86	n	0	1	157.954'799'366'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-42.104'119'000'0	MeV	7.981'286'000'0	MeV	-		-		9.00E-8	year	2.840	seconds ( x⁰ )	55.000'000	%	β+	4,088.100	keV	¹⁵⁴Lu	¹⁵⁸Hf > [ 55 % , β+ , 4,088.1 keV ] > ¹⁵⁴Lu	α	5,404.000	keV	¹⁵⁴Yb	¹⁵⁸Hf > [ , α , 5,404.0 keV ] > ¹⁵⁴Yb	45.524'266	%	¹⁴²Nd	?	%	¹⁵⁴Gd	?	%	¹⁵⁰Sm	?	%	¹⁵⁸Gd
Isotope_072_hf_159_u	Unstable	¹⁵⁹Hf	Fermion	72	p	87	n	7/2	-1	158.953'994'870'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-42.853'503'000'0	MeV	7.986'566'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.65E-7	year	5.200	seconds ( x⁰ )	65.000'000	%	β+	5,839.300	keV	¹⁵⁹Lu	¹⁵⁹Hf > [ 65 % , β+ , 5,839.3 keV ] > ¹⁵⁹Lu	α	5,225.010	keV	¹⁵⁵Yb	¹⁵⁹Hf > [ , α , 5,225.01 keV ] > ¹⁵⁵Yb	65.000'000	%	¹⁴²Nd	22.991'937	%	¹⁵¹Eu	8.235'659	%	¹⁴³Nd	3.840'615	%	¹⁵⁵Gd
Isotope_072_hf_160_u	Unstable	¹⁶⁰Hf	Boson	72	p	88	n	0	1	159.950'684'379'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-45.937'205'000'0	MeV	8.006'369'000'0	MeV	-		-		4.31E-7	year	13.600	seconds ( x⁰ )	99.300'000	%	β+	3,310.500	keV	¹⁶⁰Lu	¹⁶⁰Hf > [ 99.3 % , β+ , 3,310.5 keV ] > ¹⁶⁰Lu	α	4,902.370	keV	¹⁵⁶Yb	¹⁶⁰Hf > [ , α , 4,902.37 keV ] > ¹⁵⁶Yb	99.300'000	%	¹⁶⁰Dy	0.006'515	%	¹⁴⁰Ce	?	%	¹⁵²Sm	?	%	¹⁵⁶Gd
Isotope_072_hf_161_u	Unstable	¹⁶¹Hf	Fermion	72	p	89	n	3/2	-1	160.950'274'844'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-46.318'685'000'0	MeV	8.009'142'000'0	MeV	-		-		5.77E-7	year	18.200	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β+	5,221.500	keV	¹⁶¹Lu	¹⁶¹Hf > [ 100 % , β+ , 5,221.5 keV ] > ¹⁶¹Lu	α	4,698.200	keV	¹⁵⁷Yb	¹⁶¹Hf > [ , α , 4,698.2 keV ] > ¹⁵⁷Yb	100.000'000	%	¹⁶¹Dy	0.129'350	%	¹⁵⁷Gd	0.000'305	%	¹⁵³Eu	0.000'058	%	¹⁴⁵Nd	0.000'000	%	¹⁴¹Pr
Isotope_072_hf_162_u	Unstable	¹⁶²Hf	Boson	72	p	90	n	0	1	161.947'210'498'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-49.173'105'000'0	MeV	8.027'145'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.25E-6	year	39.400	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β+	2,641.600	keV	¹⁶²Lu	¹⁶²Hf > [ 100 % , β+ , 2,641.6 keV ] > ¹⁶²Lu	α	4,416.800	keV	¹⁵⁸Yb	¹⁶²Hf > [ , α , 4,416.8 keV ] > ¹⁵⁸Yb	0.000'000	%	¹⁴²Nd	?	%	¹⁵⁴Gd	?	%	¹⁵⁰Sm	?	%	¹⁵⁸Gd	?	%	¹⁶²Dy
Isotope_072_hf_163_u	Unstable	¹⁶³Hf	Fermion	72	p	91	n	3/2	-1	162.947'089'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-49.286'280'000'0	MeV	8.028'110'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.27E-6	year	40.020	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β+	4,482.900	keV	¹⁶³Lu	¹⁶³Hf > [ 100 % , β+ , 4,482.9 keV ] > ¹⁶³Lu	α	4,131.800	keV	¹⁵⁹Yb	¹⁶³Hf > [ , α , 4,131.8 keV ] > ¹⁵⁹Yb	100.000'000	%	¹⁶³Dy	0.000'100	%	¹⁵⁹Tb
Isotope_072_hf_164_u	Unstable	¹⁶⁴Hf	Boson	72	p	92	n	0	1	163.944'367'284'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-51.821'541'000'0	MeV	8.043'833'000'0	MeV	-		-		3.52E-6	year	111.000	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β+	1,798.600	keV	¹⁶⁴Lu	¹⁶⁴Hf > [ 100 % , β+ , 1,798.6 keV ] > ¹⁶⁴Lu						?	%	¹⁶⁴Dy	?	%	¹⁶⁰Dy
Isotope_072_hf_165_u	Unstable	¹⁶⁵Hf	Fermion	72	p	93	n	5/2	-1	164.944'567'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-51.635'507'000'0	MeV	8.042'872'000'0	MeV	-		-		2.41E-6	year	76.200	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β+	3,784.600	keV	¹⁶⁵Lu	¹⁶⁵Hf > [ 100 % , β+ , 3,784.6 keV ] > ¹⁶⁵Lu						100.000'000	%	¹⁶⁵Ho
Isotope_072_hf_166_u	Unstable	¹⁶⁶Hf	Boson	72	p	94	n	0	1	165.942'180'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-53.858'984'000'0	MeV	8.056'438'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.29E-5	year	406.020	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β+	1,139.800	keV	¹⁶⁶Lu	¹⁶⁶Hf > [ 100 % , β+ , 1,139.8 keV ] > ¹⁶⁶Lu						100.000'000	%	¹⁶⁶Er
Isotope_072_hf_167_u	Unstable	¹⁶⁷Hf	Fermion	72	p	95	n	5/2	-1	166.942'600'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-53.467'756'000'0	MeV	8.054'184'000'0	MeV	-		-		3.90E-6	year	123.000	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β+	3,011.200	keV	¹⁶⁷Lu	¹⁶⁷Hf > [ 100 % , β+ , 3,011.2 keV ] > ¹⁶⁷Lu						100.000'000	%	¹⁶⁷Er
Isotope_072_hf_168_u	Unstable	¹⁶⁸Hf	Boson	72	p	96	n	0	1	167.940'568'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-55.360'552'000'0	MeV	8.065'553'000'0	MeV	-		-		4.93E-5	year	1.557	kilo-seconds ( x³ )	98.000'000	%	ϵ	1,703.600	keV	¹⁶⁸Lu	¹⁶⁸Hf > [ 98 % , ϵ , 1,703.6 keV ] > ¹⁶⁸Lu	e+	?	keV	¹⁶⁸Lu	¹⁶⁸Hf > [ , e+ , ? keV ] > ¹⁶⁸Lu	?	%	¹⁶⁸Er	?	%	¹⁶⁴Dy	?	%	¹⁶⁰Dy
Isotope_072_hf_169_u	Unstable	¹⁶⁹Hf	Fermion	72	p	97	n	5/2	-1	168.941'259'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-54.716'890'000'0	MeV	8.061'778'000'0	MeV	-		-		6.15E-6	year	193.980	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β+	2,338.200	keV	¹⁶⁹Lu	¹⁶⁹Hf > [ 100 % , β+ , 2,338.2 keV ] > ¹⁶⁹Lu						100.000'000	%	¹⁶⁹Tm
Isotope_072_hf_170_u	Unstable	¹⁷⁰Hf	Boson	72	p	98	n	0	1	169.939'609'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-56.253'855'000'0	MeV	8.070'875'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.83E-3	year	57.640	kilo-seconds ( x³ )	100.000'000	%	ϵ	1,056.300	keV	¹⁷⁰Lu	¹⁷⁰Hf > [ 100 % , ϵ , 1,056.3 keV ] > ¹⁷⁰Lu						100.000'000	%	¹⁷⁰Yb
Isotope_072_hf_171_u	Unstable	¹⁷¹Hf	Fermion	72	p	99	n	7/2	1	170.940'492'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-55.431'345'000'0	MeV	8.066'068'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.38E-3	year	43.596	kilo-seconds ( x³ )	100.000'000	%	β+	1,380.000	keV	¹⁷¹Lu	¹⁷¹Hf > [ 100 % , β+ , 1,380.0 keV ] > ¹⁷¹Lu						100.000'000	%	¹⁷¹Yb
Isotope_072_hf_172_u	Unstable	¹⁷²Hf	Boson	72	p	100	n	0	1	171.939'448'301'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-56.403'544'000'0	MeV	8.071'751'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.87E+0	years	59.013	mega-seconds ( x⁶ )	100.000'000	%	ϵ	337.800	keV	¹⁷²Lu	¹⁷²Hf > [ 100 % , ϵ , 337.8 keV ] > ¹⁷²Lu						100.000'000	%	¹⁷²Yb
Isotope_072_hf_173_u	Unstable	¹⁷³Hf	Fermion	72	p	101	n	1/2	-1	172.940'513'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-55.411'784'000'0	MeV	8.066'016'000'0	MeV	-		-		2.69E-3	year	85.018	kilo-seconds ( x³ )	100.000'000	%	β+	451.800	keV	¹⁷³Lu	¹⁷³Hf > [ 100 % , β+ , 451.8 keV ] > ¹⁷³Lu						100.000'000	%	¹⁷³Yb
Isotope_072_hf_174_u	Unstable	¹⁷⁴Hf	Boson	72	p	102	n	0	1	173.940'046'178'0	u	0.160'000	%	0.278'304'073'9	-55.846'626'000'0	MeV	8.068'545'000'0	MeV	-		-		2.00E+15	years	63.115	zetta-seconds ( x²¹ )	100.000'000	%	α	2,497.420	keV	¹⁷⁰Yb	¹⁷⁴Hf > [ 100 % , α , 2,497.42 keV ] > ¹⁷⁰Yb	2β+	-941.430	keV	¹⁷⁴Yb	¹⁷⁴Hf > [ , 2β+ , -941.43 keV ] > ¹⁷⁴Yb	100.000'000	%	¹⁷⁰Yb	?	%	¹⁷⁴Yb
Isotope_072_hf_175_u	Unstable	¹⁷⁵Hf	Fermion	72	p	103	n	5/2	-1	174.941'509'181'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-54.483'847'000'0	MeV	8.060'774'000'0	MeV	8.060774Me	nm	2.800'000'000'0	b	1.90E-1	year	5.996	mega-seconds ( x⁶ )	100.000'000	%	ϵ	686.850	keV	¹⁷⁵Lu	¹⁷⁵Hf > [ 100 % , ϵ , 686.85 keV ] > ¹⁷⁵Lu						100.000'000	%	¹⁷⁵Lu
Isotope_072_hf_176_s	Stable	¹⁷⁶Hf	Boson	72	p	104	n	0	1	175.941'408'631'0	u	5.260'000	%	9.254'518'094'0	-54.577'509'000'0	MeV	8.061'366'000'0	MeV	-		-		-
Isotope_072_hf_177_s	Stable	¹⁷⁷Hf	Fermion	72	p	105	n	7/2	-1	176.943'220'651'0	u	18.600'000	%	32.911'439'041'1	-52.889'623'000'0	MeV	8.052'8.052'8.052'8.052	MeV	0.793'500'000'0	nm	3.365'000'000'0	b	-
Isotope_072_hf_178_s	Stable	¹⁷⁸Hf	Boson	72	p	106	n	0	1	177.943'698'766'0	u	27.280'000	%	48.543'041'023'4	-52.444'262'000'0	MeV	8.049'493'000'0	MeV	-		-		-
Isotope_072_hf_179_s	Stable	¹⁷⁹Hf	Fermion	72	p	107	n	9/2	1	178.945'816'145'0	u	13.620'000	%	24.372'420'158'9	-50.471'936'000'0	MeV	8.038'596'000'0	MeV	-0.640'900'000'0	nm	3.790'000'000'0	b	-
Isotope_072_hf_180_s	Stable	¹⁸⁰Hf	Boson	72	p	108	n	0	1	179.946'549'953'0	u	35.080'000	%	63.125'249'723'5	-49.788'398'000'0	MeV	8.034'981'000'0	MeV	-		-		-
Isotope_072_hf_181_u	Unstable	¹⁸¹Hf	Fermion	72	p	109	n	1/2	-1	180.949'101'246'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-47.411'884'000'0	MeV	8.022'052'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.16E-1	year	3.662	mega-seconds ( x⁶ )	100.000'000	%	β-	1,029.750	keV	¹⁸¹Ta	¹⁸¹Hf > [ 100 % , β- , 1,029.75 keV ] > ¹⁸¹Ta						100.000'000	%	¹⁸¹Ta
Isotope_072_hf_182_u	Unstable	¹⁸²Hf	Boson	72	p	110	n	0	1	181.950'554'096'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-46.058'563'000'0	MeV	8.014'886'000'0	MeV	-		-		8.88E+6	years	280.231	tera-seconds ( x¹² )	100.000'000	%	β-	374.690	keV	¹⁸²Ta	¹⁸²Hf > [ 100 % , β- , 374.69 keV ] > ¹⁸²Ta						?	%	¹⁷⁸Hf
Isotope_072_hf_183_u	Unstable	¹⁸³Hf	Fermion	72	p	111	n	3/2	-1	182.953'530'439'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-43.286'117'000'0	MeV	8.000'045'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.22E-4	year	3.841	kilo-seconds ( x³ )	100.000'000	%	β-	2,010.000	keV	¹⁸³Ta	¹⁸³Hf > [ 100 % , β- , 2,010.0 keV ] > ¹⁸³Ta						?	%	¹⁷⁹Hf
Isotope_072_hf_184_u	Unstable	¹⁸⁴Hf	Boson	72	p	112	n	0	1	183.955'446'515'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-41.501'304'000'0	MeV	7.990'732'000'0	MeV	-		-		4.69E-4	year	14.800	kilo-seconds ( x³ )	100.000'000	%	β-	1,340.000	keV	¹⁸⁴Ta	¹⁸⁴Hf > [ 100 % , β- , 1,340.0 keV ] > ¹⁸⁴Ta						?	%	¹⁸⁰Hf
Isotope_072_hf_185_u	Unstable	¹⁸⁵Hf	Fermion	72	p	113	n	3/2	-1	184.958'820'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-38.359'000'000'0	MeV	7.974'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		6.65E-6	year	210.000	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β-	3,037.000	keV	¹⁸⁵Ta	¹⁸⁵Hf > [ 100 % , β- , 3,037.0 keV ] > ¹⁸⁵Ta						100.000'000	%	¹⁸⁵Re
Isotope_072_hf_186_u	Unstable	¹⁸⁶Hf	Boson	72	p	114	n	0	1	185.960'890'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-36.431'000'000'0	MeV	7.964'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		5.07E-6	year	160.020	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β-	2,178.000	keV	¹⁸⁶Ta	¹⁸⁶Hf > [ 100 % , β- , 2,178.0 keV ] > ¹⁸⁶Ta						?	%	¹⁷⁸Hf
Isotope_072_hf_187_u	Unstable	¹⁸⁷Hf	Fermion	72	p	115	n	3/2	-1	186.964'590'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-32.984'000'000'0	MeV	7.946'7.946'7.946'7.946	MeV	-		-		9.51E-7	year	30.000	seconds ( x⁰ )	?	%	β-	3,782.000	keV	¹⁸⁷Ta	¹⁸⁷Hf > [ ? % , β- , 3,782.0 keV ] > ¹⁸⁷Ta						?	%	¹⁸⁷Os	?	%	¹⁷⁹Hf
Isotope_072_hf_188_u	Unstable	¹⁸⁸Hf	Boson	72	p	116	n	0	1	187.966'850'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-30.879'000'000'0	MeV	7.936'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		6.34E-7	year	20.000	seconds ( x⁰ )	?	%	β-	2,934.000	keV	¹⁸⁸Ta	¹⁸⁸Hf > [ ? % , β- , 2,934.0 keV ] > ¹⁸⁸Ta						?	%	¹⁸⁸Os

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