32 – Germanium, Ge
32 – Germanium, Ge
32 – Germanium, Ge
32 – Germanium, Ge
32 – Germanium, Ge
Germanium is a lustrous, hard, grey-white metalloid in the carbon group, chemically similar to its group neighbours tin and silicon. Purified germanium is a semiconductor, with an appearance most similar to elemental silicon. Like silicon, germanium naturally reacts and forms complexes with oxygen in nature. Unlike silicon, it is too reactive to be found naturally on Earth in the free (native) state.
Germanium is a lustrous, hard, grey-white metalloid in the carbon group, chemically similar to its group neighbours tin and silicon. Purified germanium is a semiconductor, with an appearance most similar to elemental silicon. Like silicon, germanium naturally reacts and forms complexes with oxygen in nature. Unlike silicon, it is too reactive to be found naturally on Earth in the free (native) state.
Germanium is a lustrous, hard, grey-white metalloid in the carbon group, chemically similar to its group neighbours tin and silicon. Purified germanium is a semiconductor, with an appearance most similar to elemental silicon. Like silicon, germanium naturally reacts and forms complexes with oxygen in nature. Unlike silicon, it is too reactive to be found naturally on Earth in the free (native) state.
Germanium is a lustrous, hard, grey-white metalloid in the carbon group, chemically similar to its group neighbours tin and silicon. Purified germanium is a semiconductor, with an appearance most similar to elemental silicon. Like silicon, germanium naturally reacts and forms complexes with oxygen in nature. Unlike silicon, it is too reactive to be found naturally on Earth in the free (native) state.
Germanium is a lustrous, hard, grey-white metalloid in the carbon group, chemically similar to its group neighbours tin and silicon. Purified germanium is a semiconductor, with an appearance most similar to elemental silicon. Like silicon, germanium naturally reacts and forms complexes with oxygen in nature. Unlike silicon, it is too reactive to be found naturally on Earth in the free (native) state.
1886 by Clemens Winkler, Germany.
1886 by Clemens Winkler, Germany.
1886 by Clemens Winkler, Germany.
1886 by Clemens Winkler, Germany.
1886 by Clemens Winkler, Germany.
DISCOVERY
DISCOVERY
DISCOVERY
DISCOVERY
DISCOVERY
Latin, 'Germania' meaning 'Germany'.
Latin, 'Germania' meaning 'Germany'.
Latin, 'Germania' meaning 'Germany'.
Latin, 'Germania' meaning 'Germany'.
Latin, 'Germania' meaning 'Germany'.
ETYMOLOGY
ETYMOLOGY
ETYMOLOGY
ETYMOLOGY
ETYMOLOGY
Germanium
Germanium
Germanium
Germanium
Germanium
Element
Element
Element
Element
Element
Ge
Ge
Ge
Ge
Ge
Symbol
Symbol
Symbol
Symbol
Symbol
32
32
32
32
32
Atomic Number
Atomic Number
Atomic Number
Atomic Number
Atomic Number
Metalloid
Metalloid
Metalloid
Metalloid
Metalloid
Classification
Classification
Classification
Classification
Classification
7440-56-4
7440-56-4
7440-56-4
7440-56-4
7440-56-4
CAS Number
CAS Number
CAS Number
CAS Number
CAS Number
Grey
Grey
Grey
Grey
Grey
Elemental Colour
Elemental Colour
Elemental Colour
Elemental Colour
Elemental Colour
-
-
-
-
-
Refractive Index
Refractive Index
Refractive Index
Refractive Index
Refractive Index
-
-
-
-
-
Poisson Ratio
Poisson Ratio
Poisson Ratio
Poisson Ratio
Poisson Ratio
13.641 cm3
13.641 cm3
13.641 cm3
13.641 cm3
13.641 cm3
Molar Volume
Molar Volume
Molar Volume
Molar Volume
Molar Volume
-
-
-
-
-
Brinell Hardness
Brinell Hardness
Brinell Hardness
Brinell Hardness
Brinell Hardness
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
Mohs Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Mohs Hardness
-
-
-
-
-
Vickers Hardness
Vickers Hardness
Vickers Hardness
Vickers Hardness
Vickers Hardness
5,400 m/s, Mach 15.743'4
5,400 m/s, Mach 15.743'4
5,400 m/s, Mach 15.743'4
5,400 m/s, Mach 15.743'4
5,400 m/s
Speed of Sound
Speed of Sound
Speed of Sound
Speed of Sound
Speed of Sound
-
-
-
-
-
Bulk Modulus
Bulk Modulus
Bulk Modulus
Bulk Modulus
Bulk Modulus
-
-
-
-
-
Shear Modulus
Shear Modulus
Shear Modulus
Shear Modulus
Shear Modulus
-
-
-
-
-
Young Modulus
Young Modulus
Young Modulus
Young Modulus
Young Modulus
Allotropes
Allotropes
Allotropes
Allotropes
Allotropes
 |
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 |
1,211.45 K, 938.30 °C
1,211.45 K, 938.30 °C
1,211.45 K, 938.30 °C
1,211.45 K, 938.30 °C
938.30 °C
Melting Point
Melting Point
Melting Point
Melting Point
Melting Point
3,093.15 K, 2,820.00 °C
3,093.15 K, 2,820.00 °C
3,093.15 K, 2,820.00 °C
3,093.15 K, 2,820.00 °C
2,820.00 °C
Boiling Point
Boiling Point
Boiling Point
Boiling Point
Boiling Point
-
-
-
-
-
Automatic Ignition
Automatic Ignition
Automatic Ignition
Automatic Ignition
Automatic Ignition
-
-
-
-
-
Flashpoint
Flashpoint
Flashpoint
Flashpoint
Flashpoint
-
-
-
-
-
Critical Temperature
Critical Temperature
Critical Temperature
Critical Temperature
Critical Temperature
-
-
-
-
-
Critical Pressure
Critical Pressure
Critical Pressure
Critical Pressure
Critical Pressure
60.000'000 W/(m K)
60.000'000 W/(m K)
60.000'000 W/(m K)
60.000'000 W/(m K)
60.000'000 W/(m K)
Thermal Conductivity
Thermal Conductivity
Thermal Conductivity
Thermal Conductivity
Thermal Conductivity
0.000'006'0 K-1
0.000'006'0 K-1
0.000'006'0 K-1
0.000'006'0 K-1
0.000'006'0 K-1
Thermal Expansion
Thermal Expansion
Thermal Expansion
Thermal Expansion
Thermal Expansion
321.40 J/(kg K)
321.40 J/(kg K)
321.40 J/(kg K)
321.40 J/(kg K)
321.40 J/(kg K)
Specific Heat
Specific Heat
Specific Heat
Specific Heat
Specific Heat
31.800 kJ/mol
31.800 kJ/mol
31.800 kJ/mol
31.800 kJ/mol
31.800 kJ/mol
Heat Fusion
Heat Fusion
Heat Fusion
Heat Fusion
Heat Fusion
334.000 kJ/mol
334.000 kJ/mol
334.000 kJ/mol
334.000 kJ/mol
334.000 kJ/mol
Heat Vaporisation
Heat Vaporisation
Heat Vaporisation
Heat Vaporisation
Heat Vaporisation
536.000 J/(kg K)
536.000 J/(kg K)
536.000 J/(kg K)
536.000 J/(kg K)
536.000 J/(kg K)
Heat Combustion
Heat Combustion
Heat Combustion
Heat Combustion
Heat Combustion
-
-
-
-
-
Curie Point
Curie Point
Curie Point
Curie Point
Curie Point
-
-
-
-
-
Neel Point
Neel Point
Neel Point
Neel Point
Neel Point
-
-
-
-
-
Adiabatic Index
Adiabatic Index
Adiabatic Index
Adiabatic Index
Adiabatic Index
Solid
Solid
Solid
Solid
Solid
Phase
Phase
Phase
Phase
Phase
Semiconductor
Semiconductor
Semiconductor
Semiconductor
Semiconductor
Electrical Type
Electrical Type
Electrical Type
Electrical Type
Electrical Type
2.00k S/m
2.00k S/m
2.00k S/m
2.00k S/m
2.00k S/m
Conductivity
Conductivity
Conductivity
Conductivity
Conductivity
500.00μ Ω.m
500.00μ Ω.m
500.00μ Ω.m
500.00μ Ω.m
500.00μ Ω.m
Resistivity
Resistivity
Resistivity
Resistivity
Resistivity
-
-
-
-
-
Superconducting Point
Superconducting Point
Superconducting Point
Superconducting Point
Superconducting Point
Diamagnetic
Diamagnetic
Diamagnetic
Diamagnetic
Diamagnetic
Magnetic Type
Magnetic Type
Magnetic Type
Magnetic Type
Magnetic Type
-0.000'000'001'5
-0.000'000'001'5
-0.000'000'001'5
-0.000'000'001'5
-0.000'000'001'5
Mass Susceptibility
Mass Susceptibility
Mass Susceptibility
Mass Susceptibility
Mass Susceptibility
-0.000'000'000'109'00
-0.000'000'000'109'00
-0.000'000'000'109'00
-0.000'000'000'109'00
-0.000'000'000'109'00
Molar Susceptibility
Molar Susceptibility
Molar Susceptibility
Molar Susceptibility
Molar Susceptibility
-0.000'007'980'00
-0.000'007'980'00
-0.000'007'980'00
-0.000'007'980'00
-0.000'007'980'00
Volume Susceptibility
Volume Susceptibility
Volume Susceptibility
Volume Susceptibility
Volume Susceptibility
Material Composition
Material Composition
Material Composition
Material Composition
Material Composition
0.000'02 %
0.000'02 %
0.000'02 %
0.000'02 %
0.000'02 %
Universe
Universe
Universe
Universe
Universe
0.002'1 %
0.002'1 %
0.002'1 %
0.002'1 %
0.002'1 %
Meteorites
Meteorites
Meteorites
Meteorites
Meteorites
0.000'02 %
0.000'02 %
0.000'02 %
0.000'02 %
0.000'02 %
Sun
Sun
Sun
Sun
Sun
0.000'14 %
0.000'14 %
0.000'14 %
0.000'14 %
0.000'14 %
Earth Crust
Earth Crust
Earth Crust
Earth Crust
Earth Crust
0.000'000'006 %
0.000'000'006 %
0.000'000'006 %
0.000'000'006 %
0.000'000'006 %
Oceans
Oceans
Oceans
Oceans
Oceans
-
-
-
-
-
Humans
Humans
Humans
Humans
Humans
72.612'758'2
72.612'758'2
72.612'758'2
72.612'758'2
72.612'758'2
Atomic Weight
Atomic Weight
Atomic Weight
Atomic Weight
Atomic Weight
125 pm
125 pm
125 pm
125 pm
125 pm
Atomic Radius
Atomic Radius
Atomic Radius
Atomic Radius
Atomic Radius
121 pm
121 pm
121 pm
121 pm
121 pm
Covalent Radius Single Bond
Covalent Radius Single Bond
Covalent Radius Single Bond
Covalent Radius Single Bond
Covalent Radius Single Bond
111 pm
111 pm
111 pm
111 pm
111 pm
Covalent Radius Double Bond
Covalent Radius Double Bond
Covalent Radius Double Bond
Covalent Radius Double Bond
Covalent Radius Double Bond
114 pm
114 pm
114 pm
114 pm
114 pm
Covalent Radius Triple Bond
Covalent Radius Triple Bond
Covalent Radius Triple Bond
Covalent Radius Triple Bond
Covalent Radius Triple Bond
211 pm
211 pm
211 pm
211 pm
211 pm
Van der Waals Radius
Van der Waals Radius
Van der Waals Radius
Van der Waals Radius
Van der Waals Radius
[Ar]4s23d104p2
[Ar]4s23d104p2
[Ar]4s23d104p2
[Ar]4s23d104p2
[Ar]4s23d104p2
Electron Configuration
Electron Configuration
Electron Configuration
Electron Configuration
Electron Configuration
Cubic, Diamond
Cubic, Diamond
Cubic, Diamond
Cubic, Diamond
Cubic, Diamond
Crystal Structure
Crystal Structure
Crystal Structure
Crystal Structure
Crystal Structure
5.323'00 g/cm3
5.323'00 g/cm3
5.323'00 g/cm3
5.323'00 g/cm3
5.323'00 g/cm3
Density as Solid
Density as Solid
Density as Solid
Density as Solid
Density as Solid
5.600'00 g/cm3
5.600'00 g/cm3
5.600'00 g/cm3
5.600'00 g/cm3
5.600'00 g/cm3
Density as Liquid
Density as Liquid
Density as Liquid
Density as Liquid
Density as Liquid
-
-
-
-
-
Density as Gas
Density as Gas
Density as Gas
Density as Gas
Density as Gas
Fm_3m
Fm_3m
Fm_3m
Fm_3m
Fm_3m
Space Group Name
Space Group Name
Space Group Name
Space Group Name
Space Group Name
225
225
225
225
225
Space Group Number
Space Group Number
Space Group Number
Space Group Number
Space Group Number
π/2, π/2 & π/2
π/2, π/2 & π/2
π/2, π/2 & π/2
π/2, π/2 & π/2
π/2, π/2 & π/2
Lattice Angles
Lattice Angles
Lattice Angles
Lattice Angles
Lattice Angles
565.75, 565.75 & 565.75 pm
565.75, 565.75 & 565.75 pm
565.75, 565.75 & 565.75 pm
565.75, 565.75 & 565.75 pm
565.75, 565.75 & 565.75 pm
Lattice Constants
Lattice Constants
Lattice Constants
Lattice Constants
Lattice Constants
4
4
4
4
4
Valence
Valence
Valence
Valence
Valence
2.01
2.01
2.01
2.01
2.01
Electronegativity
Electronegativity
Electronegativity
Electronegativity
Electronegativity
118.94 kJ/mol
118.94 kJ/mol
118.94 kJ/mol
118.94 kJ/mol
118.94 kJ/mol
Electron Affinity
Electron Affinity
Electron Affinity
Electron Affinity
Electron Affinity
Ionisation Energy
Ionisation Energy
Ionisation Energy
Ionisation Energy
Ionisation Energy
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Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable
Half Life
Half Life
Half Life
Half Life
Half Life
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable
Lifetime
Lifetime
Lifetime
Lifetime
Lifetime
4p2 = 4, 1, 0, +1/2
4p2 = 4, 1, 0, +1/2
4p2 = 4, 1, 0, +1/2
4p2 = 4, 1, 0, +1/2
4p2 = 4, 1, 0, +1/2
Quantum Numbers
Quantum Numbers
Quantum Numbers
Quantum Numbers
Quantum Numbers
8.600'00 b σs
8.600'00 b σs
8.600'00 b σs
8.600'00 b σs
8.600'00 b σs
Neutron Cross Section
Neutron Cross Section
Neutron Cross Section
Neutron Cross Section
Neutron Cross Section
2.200'00 b σa
2.200'00 b σa
2.200'00 b σa
2.200'00 b σa
2.200'00 b σa
Neutron Mass Absorption
Neutron Mass Absorption
Neutron Mass Absorption
Neutron Mass Absorption
Neutron Mass Absorption
Stable Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
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Unstable Isotopes
Unstable Isotopes
Unstable Isotopes
Unstable Isotopes
Unstable Isotopes
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Isotopes Overview
Isotopes Overview
Isotopes Overview
Isotopes Overview
Isotopes Overview
| Isotope | Stability | Symbol | Type | Protons | Neutrons | Spin | Parity | Mass | Abundance | Mass Measure | Mass Excess | Binding Energy | Dipole Moment | Quadrupole Moment | Halflife in Years | Halflife in Seconds | A01 Decay Probability | A01 Decay Mode | A01 Decay Energy | A01 Decay Daughter | A01 Decay Link | A02 Decay Probability | A02 Decay Mode | A02 Decay Energy | A02 Decay Daughter | A02 Decay Link | A03 Decay Probability | A03 Decay Mode | A03 Decay Energy | A03 Decay Daughter | A03 Decay Link | A04 Decay Probability | A04 Decay Mode | A04 Decay Energy | A04 Decay Daughter | A04 Decay Link | A05 Decay Probability | A05 Decay Mode | A05 Decay Energy | A05 Decay Daughter | A05 Decay Link | A06 Decay Probability | A06 Decay Mode | A06 Decay Energy | A06 Decay Daughter | A06 Decay Link | Y01 Decay Product Yield | Y01 Decay Product Nuclide | Y02 Decay Product Yield | Y02 Decay Product Nuclide | Y03 Decay Product Yield | Y03 Decay Product Nuclide | Y04 Decay Product Yield | Y04 Decay Product Nuclide | Y05 Decay Product Yield | Y05 Decay Product Nuclide | Y06 Decay Product Yield | Y06 Decay Product Nuclide | Y07 Decay Product Yield | Y07 Decay Product Nuclide | Y08 Decay Product Yield | Y08 Decay Product Nuclide | Y09 Decay Product Yield | Y09 Decay Product Nuclide | Y10 Decay Product Yield | Y10 Decay Product Nuclide | Y11 Decay Product Yield | Y11 Decay Product Nuclide | Y12 Decay Product Yield | Y12 Decay Product Nuclide | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isotope_032_ge_58_u | Unstable | ⁵⁸Ge | Boson | 32 | p | 26 | n | 0 | 1 | 57.991'010'000'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -8.374'000'000'0 | MeV | 7.784'000'000'0 | MeV | - | - | ? | ? | % | 2p | 2,776.000 | keV | ⁵⁶Zn | ⁵⁸Ge > [ ? % , 2p , 2,776.0 keV ] > ⁵⁶Zn | ? | % | ⁵⁵Mn | ? | % | ⁵⁶Fe | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_59_u | Unstable | ⁵⁹Ge | Fermion | 32 | p | 27 | n | 7/2 | -1 | 58.981'750'000'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -17.000'000'000'0 | MeV | 7.935'000'000'0 | MeV | - | - | ? | ? | % | 2p | 1,222.000 | keV | ⁵⁷Zn | ⁵⁹Ge > [ ? % , 2p , 1,222.0 keV ] > ⁵⁷Zn | ? | % | ⁵⁷Fe | ? | % | ⁵⁶Fe | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_60_u | Unstable | ⁶⁰Ge | Boson | 32 | p | 28 | n | 0 | 1 | 59.970'190'000'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -27.768'000'000'0 | MeV | 8.117'000'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 9.51E-10 | year | 30.000 | milli-seconds ( x⁻³ ) | ? | % | β+ | 11,209.000 | keV | ⁶⁰Ga | ⁶⁰Ge > [ ? % , β+ , 11,209.0 keV ] > ⁶⁰Ga | ? | % | ⁵⁰Ni | ? | % | ⁵⁶Fe | ? | % | ⁵⁹Co | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_61_u | Unstable | ⁶¹Ge | Fermion | 32 | p | 29 | n | 3/2 | -1 | 60.963'790'000'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -33.729'000'000'0 | MeV | 8.214'000'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 1.24E-9 | year | 39.000 | milli-seconds ( x⁻³ ) | 80.000'000 | % | β+p | ? | keV | ⁶⁰Zn | ⁶¹Ge > [ 80 % , β+p , ? keV ] > ⁶⁰Zn | 80.000'000 | % | ⁶⁰Ni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_62_u | Unstable | ⁶²Ge | Boson | 32 | p | 30 | n | 0 | 1 | 61.954'650'000'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -42.243'000'000'0 | MeV | 8.349'000'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 4.12E-9 | year | 130.000 | milli-seconds ( x⁻³ ) | 100.000'000 | % | β+ | 8,735.000 | keV | ⁶²Ga | ⁶²Ge > [ 100 % , β+ , 8,735.0 keV ] > ⁶²Ga | 100.000'000 | % | ⁶²Ni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_63_u | Unstable | ⁶³Ge | Fermion | 32 | p | 31 | n | 3/2 | -1 | 62.949'640'000'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -46.910'000'000'0 | MeV | 8.419'000'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 4.50E-9 | year | 142.000 | milli-seconds ( x⁻³ ) | 100.000'000 | % | β+ | 8,615.000 | keV | ⁶³Ga | ⁶³Ge > [ 100 % , β+ , 8,615.0 keV ] > ⁶³Ga | 100.000'000 | % | ⁶³Cu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_64_u | Unstable | ⁶⁴Ge | Boson | 32 | p | 32 | n | 0 | 1 | 63.941'653'000'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -54.349'881'000'0 | MeV | 8.529'361'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 2.02E-6 | year | 63.720 | seconds ( x⁰ ) | 100.000'000 | % | β+ | 3,462.200 | keV | ⁶⁴Ga | ⁶⁴Ge > [ 100 % , β+ , 3,462.2 keV ] > ⁶⁴Ga | ? | % | ⁶⁴Ni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_65_u | Unstable | ⁶⁵Ge | Fermion | 32 | p | 33 | n | 3/2 | -1 | 64.939'436'406'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -56.414'625'000'0 | MeV | 8.554'079'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 9.79E-7 | year | 30.900 | seconds ( x⁰ ) | 100.000'000 | % | β+ | 5,220.000 | keV | ⁶⁵Ga | ⁶⁵Ge > [ 100 % , β+ , 5,220.0 keV ] > ⁶⁵Ga | 0.011'000 | % | β+p | ? | keV | ⁶⁴Zn | ⁶⁵Ge > [ 0.011 % , β+p , ? keV ] > ⁶⁴Zn | 100.000'000 | % | ⁶⁵Cu | ? | % | ⁶⁴Ni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_66_u | Unstable | ⁶⁶Ge | Boson | 32 | p | 34 | n | 0 | 1 | 65.933'843'453'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -61.624'427'000'0 | MeV | 8.625'701'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 2.58E-4 | year | 8.140 | kilo-seconds ( x³ ) | 100.000'000 | % | β+ | 1,077.800 | keV | ⁶⁶Ga | ⁶⁶Ge > [ 100 % , β+ , 1,077.8 keV ] > ⁶⁶Ga | 100.000'000 | % | ⁶⁶Zn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_67_u | Unstable | ⁶⁷Ge | Fermion | 32 | p | 35 | n | 1/2 | -1 | 66.932'734'070'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -62.657'810'000'0 | MeV | 8.632'850'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 3.58E-5 | year | 1.130 | kilo-seconds ( x³ ) | 100.000'000 | % | β+ | 3,199.670 | keV | ⁶⁷Ga | ⁶⁷Ge > [ 100 % , β+ , 3,199.67 keV ] > ⁶⁷Ga | 100.000'000 | % | ⁶⁷Zn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_68_u | Unstable | ⁶⁸Ge | Boson | 32 | p | 36 | n | 0 | 1 | 67.928'094'240'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -66.979'785'000'0 | MeV | 8.688'151'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 7.42E-1 | year | 23.410 | mega-seconds ( x⁶ ) | 100.000'000 | % | ϵ | 106.340 | keV | ⁶⁸Ga | ⁶⁸Ge > [ 100 % , ϵ , 106.34 keV ] > ⁶⁸Ga | 100.000'000 | % | ⁶⁸Zn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_69_u | Unstable | ⁶⁹Ge | Fermion | 32 | p | 37 | n | 5/2 | -1 | 68.927'964'533'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -67.100'605'000'0 | MeV | 8.681'8.681'8.681'8.681 | MeV | 0.735'000'000'0 | nm | 0.024'000'000'0 | b | 4.46E-3 | year | 140.599 | kilo-seconds ( x³ ) | 100.000'000 | % | β+ | 1,204.952 | keV | ⁶⁹Ga | ⁶⁹Ge > [ 100 % , β+ , 1,204.952 keV ] > ⁶⁹Ga | 100.000'000 | % | ⁶⁹Ga | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_70_s | Stable | ⁷⁰Ge | Boson | 32 | p | 38 | n | 0 | 1 | 69.924'247'381'0 | u | 20.840'000 | % | 14.572'213'154'2 | -70.563'111'000'0 | MeV | 8.721'717'000'0 | MeV | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_71_u | Unstable | ⁷¹Ge | Fermion | 32 | p | 39 | n | 1/2 | -1 | 70.924'950'954'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -69.907'736'000'0 | MeV | 8.703'326'000'0 | MeV | 0.547'000'000'0 | nm | - | 3.13E-2 | year | 987.638 | kilo-seconds ( x³ ) | 100.000'000 | % | ϵ | 232.506 | keV | ⁷¹Ga | ⁷¹Ge > [ 100 % , ϵ , 232.506 keV ] > ⁷¹Ga | 100.000'000 | % | ⁷¹Ga | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_72_s | Stable | ⁷²Ge | Boson | 32 | p | 40 | n | 0 | 1 | 71.922'075'815'0 | u | 27.540'000 | % | 19.807'339'679'5 | -72.585'911'000'0 | MeV | 8.731'745'000'0 | MeV | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_73_s | Stable | ⁷³Ge | Fermion | 32 | p | 41 | n | 9/2 | 1 | 72.923'458'945'0 | u | 7.730'000 | % | 5.636'983'376'4 | -71.297'534'000'0 | MeV | 8.705'049'000'0 | MeV | -0.879'467'700'0 | nm | -0.173'000'000'0 | b | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_74_s | Stable | ⁷⁴Ge | Boson | 32 | p | 42 | n | 0 | 1 | 73.921'177'767'0 | u | 36.280'000 | % | 26.818'603'293'9 | -73.422'437'000'0 | MeV | 8.725'200'000'0 | MeV | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_75_u | Unstable | ⁷⁵Ge | Fermion | 32 | p | 43 | n | 1/2 | -1 | 74.922'858'948'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -71.856'427'000'0 | MeV | 8.695'602'000'0 | MeV | 0.510'000'000'0 | nm | - | 1.57E-4 | year | 4.967 | kilo-seconds ( x³ ) | 100.000'000 | % | β- | 1,175.983 | keV | ⁷⁵As | ⁷⁵Ge > [ 100 % , β- , 1,175.983 keV ] > ⁷⁵As | 100.000'000 | % | ⁷⁵As | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_76_u | Unstable | ⁷⁶Ge | Boson | 32 | p | 44 | n | 0 | 1 | 75.921'402'557'0 | u | 7.610'000 | % | 5.777'618'734'6 | -73.213'046'000'0 | MeV | 8.705'238'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 1.58E+21 | years | 49,924.123 | yotta-seconds ( x²⁴ ) | 100.000'000 | % | 2β- | 2,039.000 | keV | ⁷⁶Se | ⁷⁶Ge > [ 100 % , 2β- , 2,039.0 keV ] > ⁷⁶Se | 100.000'000 | % | ⁷⁶Se | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_77_u | Unstable | ⁷⁷Ge | Fermion | 32 | p | 45 | n | 7/2 | 1 | 76.923'548'591'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -71.214'029'000'0 | MeV | 8.671'044'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 1.29E-3 | year | 40.716 | kilo-seconds ( x³ ) | 100.000'000 | % | β- | 2,702.550 | keV | ⁷⁷As | ⁷⁷Ge > [ 100 % , β- , 2,702.55 keV ] > ⁷⁷As | 100.000'000 | % | ⁷⁷Se | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_78_u | Unstable | ⁷⁸Ge | Boson | 32 | p | 46 | n | 0 | 1 | 77.922'852'739'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -71.862'211'000'0 | MeV | 8.671'665'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 1.68E-4 | year | 5.292 | kilo-seconds ( x³ ) | 100.000'000 | % | β- | 955.200 | keV | ⁷⁸As | ⁷⁸Ge > [ 100 % , β- , 955.2 keV ] > ⁷⁸As | 100.000'000 | % | ⁷⁸Se | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_79_u | Unstable | ⁷⁹Ge | Fermion | 32 | p | 47 | n | 1/2 | -1 | 78.925'400'995'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -69.488'526'000'0 | MeV | 8.634'019'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 6.01E-7 | year | 18.980 | seconds ( x⁰ ) | 100.000'000 | % | β- | 4,148.000 | keV | ⁷⁹As | ⁷⁹Ge > [ 100 % , β- , 4,148.0 keV ] > ⁷⁹As | 100.000'000 | % | ⁷⁹Br | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_80_u | Unstable | ⁸⁰Ge | Boson | 32 | p | 48 | n | 0 | 1 | 79.925'372'392'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -69.515'169'000'0 | MeV | 8.627'318'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 9.35E-7 | year | 29.500 | seconds ( x⁰ ) | 100.000'000 | % | β- | 2,644.100 | keV | ⁸⁰As | ⁸⁰Ge > [ 100 % , β- , 2,644.1 keV ] > ⁸⁰As | ? | % | ⁸⁰Kr | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_81_u | Unstable | ⁸¹Ge | Fermion | 32 | p | 49 | n | 9/2 | 1 | 80.928'820'467'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -66.303'308'000'0 | MeV | 8.580'801'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 2.54E-7 | year | 8.000 | seconds ( x⁰ ) | 100.000'000 | % | β- | 6,230.000 | keV | ⁸¹As | ⁸¹Ge > [ 100 % , β- , 6,230.0 keV ] > ⁸¹As | 100.000'000 | % | ⁸¹Br | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_82_u | Unstable | ⁸²Ge | Boson | 32 | p | 50 | n | 0 | 1 | 81.929'549'725'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -65.624'008'000'0 | MeV | 8.566'304'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 1.44E-7 | year | 4.550 | seconds ( x⁰ ) | 100.000'000 | % | β- | 4,700.000 | keV | ⁸²As | ⁸²Ge > [ 100 % , β- , 4,700.0 keV ] > ⁸²As | 100.000'000 | % | ⁸²Kr | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_83_u | Unstable | ⁸³Ge | Fermion | 32 | p | 51 | n | 5/2 | 1 | 82.934'620'000'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -60.901'000'000'0 | MeV | 8.503'000'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 5.86E-8 | year | 1.850 | seconds ( x⁰ ) | β- | 100.000'000 | % | ⁸³Kr | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_84_u | Unstable | ⁸⁴Ge | Boson | 32 | p | 52 | n | 0 | 1 | 83.937'470'000'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -58.246'000'000'0 | MeV | 8.467'000'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 3.02E-8 | year | 954.000 | milli-seconds ( x⁻³ ) | 89.000'000 | % | β- | 7,836.000 | keV | ⁸⁴As | ⁸⁴Ge > [ 89 % , β- , 7,836.0 keV ] > ⁸⁴As | 10.800'000 | % | β-n | 3,563.000 | keV | ⁸³As | ⁸⁴Ge > [ 10.8 % , β-n , 3,563.0 keV ] > ⁸³As | 89.000'000 | % | ⁸⁴Kr | 11.049'200 | % | ⁸³Kr | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_85_u | Unstable | ⁸⁵Ge | Fermion | 32 | p | 53 | n | 5/2 | 1 | 84.943'030'000'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -53.067'000'000'0 | MeV | 8.401'000'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 1.71E-8 | year | 540.000 | milli-seconds ( x⁻³ ) | 86.000'000 | % | β- | 10,256.000 | keV | ⁸⁵As | ⁸⁵Ge > [ 86 % , β- , 10,256.0 keV ] > ⁸⁵As | 14.000'000 | % | β-n | 4,943.000 | keV | ⁸⁴As | ⁸⁵Ge > [ 14 % , β-n , 4,943.0 keV ] > ⁸⁴As | 65.084'000 | % | ⁸⁴Kr | 35.260'000 | % | ⁸⁵Rb | 0.039'200 | % | ⁸³Kr | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_86_u | Unstable | ⁸⁶Ge | Boson | 32 | p | 54 | n | 0 | 1 | 85.946'490'000'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -49.844'000'000'0 | MeV | 8.360'000'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 9.51E-9 | year | 300.000 | milli-seconds ( x⁻³ ) | ? | % | β- | 9,306.000 | keV | ⁸⁶As | ⁸⁶Ge > [ ? % , β- , 9,306.0 keV ] > ⁸⁶As | ? | % | β-n | 5,407.000 | keV | ⁸⁵As | ⁸⁶Ge > [ ? % , β-n , 5,407.0 keV ] > ⁸⁵As | ? | % | ⁸⁵Rb | ? | % | ⁸⁴Kr | ? | % | ⁸⁶Sr | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_87_u | Unstable | ⁸⁷Ge | Fermion | 32 | p | 55 | n | 5/2 | 1 | 86.952'510'000'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -44.237'000'000'0 | MeV | 8.292'000'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 4.75E-9 | year | 150.000 | milli-seconds ( x⁻³ ) | ? | % | β- | 11,746.000 | keV | ⁸⁷As | ⁸⁷Ge > [ ? % , β- , 11,746.0 keV ] > ⁸⁷As | ? | % | β-n | 6,842.000 | keV | ⁸⁶As | ⁸⁷Ge > [ ? % , β-n , 6,842.0 keV ] > ⁸⁶As | ? | % | ⁸⁷Sr | ? | % | ⁸⁵Rb | ? | % | ⁸⁶Sr | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_88_u | Unstable | ⁸⁸Ge | Boson | 32 | p | 56 | n | 0 | 1 | 87.956'910'000'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -40.138'000'000'0 | MeV | 8.243'000'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 2.54E-9 | year | 80.000 | milli-seconds ( x⁻³ ) | ? | % | β- | 11,150.000 | keV | ⁸⁸As | ⁸⁸Ge > [ ? % , β- , 11,150.0 keV ] > ⁸⁸As | ? | % | ⁸⁸Sr | ? | % | ⁸⁷Sr | ? | % | ⁸⁶Sr | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Isotope_032_ge_89_u | Unstable | ⁸⁹Ge | Fermion | 32 | p | 57 | n | 3/2 | 1 | 88.963'830'000'0 | u | ~ 0 | % | ~ 0 | -33.692'000'000'0 | MeV | 8.169'000'000'0 | MeV | - | - | 1.58E-9 | year | 50.000 | milli-seconds ( x⁻³ ) | ? | % | β- | 13,450.000 | keV | ⁸⁹As | ⁸⁹Ge > [ ? % , β- , 13,450.0 keV ] > ⁸⁹As | ? | % | ⁸⁹Y | ? | % | ⁸⁸Sr | ? | % | ⁸⁷Sr |
