Titanium has a lustrous a silver colour, low density, high strength and possesses a high resistance to corrosion by sea water and chlorine.

1791 by William Gregor, England.

DISCOVERY

Ancient Greek, 'Titānus', 'Titan' + -ium.

ETYMOLOGY

Titanium

Element

Ti

Symbol

22

22 Atomic Number

Atomic Number

Transition Metal

Classification

7440-32-6

CAS Number

Silver

Elemental Colour

-

Refractive Index

0.320

0.320 Poisson Ratio

Poisson Ratio

10.621 cm³

Molar Volume

716.00M Pa, 7.066'4k Atm

7.066'4k Atm

Brinell Hardness

6.00

6.00 Mohs Hardness

Mohs Hardness

970.00M Pa, 9.573'2k Atm

9.573'2k Atm

Vickers Hardness

4,140 m/s, Mach 12.070'0

4,140 m/s

Speed of Sound

110.00G Pa, 1.085'6M Atm

1.085'6M Atm

Bulk Modulus

44.00G Pa, 434.246'2k Atm

434.246'2k Atm

Shear Modulus

116.00G Pa, 1.144'8M Atm

1.144'8M Atm

Young Modulus

Allotropes

1,941.15 K, 1,668.00 °C

1,668.00 °C

Melting Point

3,560.15 K, 3,287.00 °C

3,287.00 °C

Boiling Point

523.15 K, 250.00 °C

250.00 °C

Automatic Ignition

-

Flashpoint

-

Critical Temperature

-

Critical Pressure

22.000'000 W/(m K)

Thermal Conductivity

0.000'008'6 K^-1

Thermal Expansion

520.00 J/(kg K)

Specific Heat

18.700 kJ/mol

Heat Fusion

425.000 kJ/mol

Heat Vaporisation

-

Heat Combustion

-

Curie Point

-

Neel Point

-

Adiabatic Index

Solid

Phase

Conductor

Electrical Type

2.50M S/m

Conductivity

400.00n Ω.m

Resistivity

0.400 K

Superconducting Point

Paramagnetic

Magnetic Type

0.000'000'040'1

Mass Susceptibility

0.000'000'001'919'00

Molar Susceptibility

0.000'180'700'00

Volume Susceptibility

Material Composition

0.000'3 %

Universe

0.054 %

Meteorites

0.000'4 %

Sun

0.66 %

Earth Crust

0.000'000'1 %

Oceans

-

Humans

47.866'749'2

Atomic Weight

176 pm

Atomic Radius

136 pm

Covalent Radius Single Bond

117 pm

Covalent Radius Double Bond

108 pm

Covalent Radius Triple Bond

187 pm

Van der Waals Radius

[Ar]4s²3d²

Electron Configuration

Hexagonal, Close Packed Single

Crystal Structure

4.507'00 g/cm³

Density as Solid

4.110'00 g/cm³

Density as Liquid

-

Density as Gas

P6₃/mmc

Space Group Name

194

194 Space Group Number

Space Group Number

π/2, π/2 & 2π/3

Lattice Angles

295.08, 295.08 & 468.55 pm

Lattice Constants

4

4 Valence

Valence

1.54

1.54 Electronegativity

Electronegativity

8.10 kJ/mol

Electron Affinity

Ionisation Energy

Stable

Half Life

Stable

Lifetime

3d² = 3, 2, -1, +1/2

Quantum Numbers

4.350'00 b σ_s

Neutron Cross Section

6.090'00 b σ_a

Neutron Mass Absorption

Stable Isotopes

Unstable Isotopes

Isotopes Overview

Isotope	Stability	Symbol	Type	Protons		Neutrons		Spin	Parity	Mass		Abundance		Mass Measure	Mass Excess		Binding Energy		Dipole Moment		Quadrupole Moment		Halflife in Years		Halflife in Seconds		A01 Decay Probability		A01 Decay Mode	A01 Decay Energy		A01 Decay Daughter	A01 Decay Link	A02 Decay Probability		A02 Decay Mode	A02 Decay Energy		A02 Decay Daughter	A02 Decay Link	Y01 Decay Product Yield		Y01 Decay Product Nuclide	Y02 Decay Product Yield		Y02 Decay Product Nuclide	Y03 Decay Product Yield		Y03 Decay Product Nuclide	Y04 Decay Product Yield		Y04 Decay Product Nuclide
Isotope_022_ti_38_u	Unstable	³⁸Ti	Boson	22	p	16	n	0	1	38.009'770'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	9.101'000'000'0	MeV	7.379'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		3.80E-15	year	120.000	nano-seconds ( x⁻⁹ )	?	%	2p	962.000	keV	³⁶Ca	³⁸Ti > [ ? % , 2p , 962.0 keV ] > ³⁶Ca								?	%	³²S	?	%	³⁵Cl	?	%	³⁶S
Isotope_022_ti_39_u	Unstable	³⁹Ti	Fermion	22	p	17	n	3/2	1	39.001'610'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	1.500'000'000'0	MeV	7.592'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		9.82E-10	year	31.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	85.000'000	%	β+p	?	keV	³⁸Ca	³⁹Ti > [ 85 % , β+p , ? keV ] > ³⁸Ca	15.000'000	%	β+2p	?	keV	³⁷K	³⁹Ti > [ 15 % , β+2p , ? keV ] > ³⁷K	85.000'000	%	³⁸Ar	15.000'000	%	³⁷Cl
Isotope_022_ti_40_u	Unstable	⁴⁰Ti	Boson	22	p	18	n	0	1	39.990'498'838'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-8.850'275'000'0	MeV	7.862'283'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.69E-9	year	53.300	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	100.000'000	%	β+p	?	keV	³⁹Ca	⁴⁰Ti > [ 100 % , β+p , ? keV ] > ³⁹Ca								100.000'000	%	³⁹K
Isotope_022_ti_41_u	Unstable	⁴¹Ti	Fermion	22	p	19	n	3/2	1	40.983'145'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-15.700'000'000'0	MeV	8.034'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		2.56E-9	year	80.900	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	100.000'000	%	β+p	?	keV	⁴⁰Ca	⁴¹Ti > [ 100 % , β+p , ? keV ] > ⁴⁰Ca								?	%	⁴⁰Ar
Isotope_022_ti_42_u	Unstable	⁴²Ti	Boson	22	p	20	n	0	1	41.973'030'902'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-25.121'552'000'0	MeV	8.259'649'000'0	MeV	-		-		6.31E-9	year	199.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	100.000'000	%	β+	5,977.490	keV	⁴²Sc	⁴²Ti > [ 100 % , β+ , 5,977.49 keV ] > ⁴²Sc								100.000'000	%	⁴²Ca
Isotope_022_ti_43_u	Unstable	⁴³Ti	Fermion	22	p	21	n	7/2	-1	42.968'522'499'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-29.321'103'000'0	MeV	8.352'933'000'0	MeV	0.700'000'000'0	nm	-		1.61E-8	year	509.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	100.000'000	%	β+	5,844.630	keV	⁴³Sc	⁴³Ti > [ 100 % , β+ , 5,844.63 keV ] > ⁴³Sc								100.000'000	%	⁴³Ca
Isotope_022_ti_44_u	Unstable	⁴⁴Ti	Boson	22	p	22	n	0	1	43.959'690'069'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-37.548'459'000'0	MeV	8.533'518'000'0	MeV	-		-		6.02E+1	years	1.900	giga-seconds ( x⁹ )	100.000'000	%	ϵ	267.630	keV	⁴⁴Sc	⁴⁴Ti > [ 100 % , ϵ , 267.63 keV ] > ⁴⁴Sc								100.000'000	%	⁴⁴Ca
Isotope_022_ti_45_u	Unstable	⁴⁵Ti	Fermion	22	p	23	n	7/2	-1	44.958'125'616'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-39.005'737'000'0	MeV	8.555'631'000'0	MeV	0.095'000'000'0	nm	0.015'000'000'0	b	3.51E-4	year	11.090	kilo-seconds ( x³ )	100.000'000	%	β+	1,039.885	keV	⁴⁵Sc	⁴⁵Ti > [ 100 % , β+ , 1,039.885 keV ] > ⁴⁵Sc								100.000'000	%	⁴⁵Sc
Isotope_022_ti_46_s	Stable	⁴⁶Ti	Boson	22	p	24	n	0	1	45.952'631'555'0	u	8.250'000	%	3.791'092'103'3	-44.123'422'000'0	MeV	8.656'356'000'0	MeV	-		-		-
Isotope_022_ti_47_s	Stable	⁴⁷Ti	Fermion	22	p	25	n	5/2	-1	46.951'763'088'0	u	7.440'000	%	3.493'211'173'7	-44.932'394'000'0	MeV	8.661'121'000'0	MeV	-0.788'480'000'0	nm	0.290'000'000'0	b	-
Isotope_022_ti_48_s	Stable	⁴⁸Ti	Boson	22	p	26	n	0	1	47.947'946'281'0	u	73.720'000	%	35.347'225'998'4	-48.487'727'000'0	MeV	8.722'903'000'0	MeV	-		-		-
Isotope_022_ti_49_s	Stable	⁴⁹Ti	Fermion	22	p	27	n	7/2	-1	48.947'869'982'0	u	5.410'000	%	2.648'079'766'0	-48.558'799'000'0	MeV	8.711'055'000'0	MeV	-1.104'170'000'0	nm	0.240'000'000'0	b	-
Isotope_022_ti_50_s	Stable	⁵⁰Ti	Boson	22	p	28	n	0	1	49.944'791'194'0	u	5.180'000	%	2.587'140'183'8	-51.426'672'000'0	MeV	8.755'618'000'0	MeV	-		-		-
Isotope_022_ti_51_u	Unstable	⁵¹Ti	Fermion	22	p	29	n	3/2	-1	50.946'614'955'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-49.727'849'000'0	MeV	8.708'890'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.10E-5	year	346.020	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β-	2,473.530	keV	⁵¹V	⁵¹Ti > [ 100 % , β- , 2,473.53 keV ] > ⁵¹V								100.000'000	%	⁵¹V
Isotope_022_ti_52_u	Unstable	⁵²Ti	Boson	22	p	30	n	0	1	51.946'897'311'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-49.464'837'000'0	MeV	8.691'571'000'0	MeV	-		-		3.18E-6	year	100.200	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β-	1,976.470	keV	⁵²V	⁵²Ti > [ 100 % , β- , 1,976.47 keV ] > ⁵²V								100.000'000	%	⁵²Cr
Isotope_022_ti_53_u	Unstable	⁵³Ti	Fermion	22	p	31	n	3/2	-1	52.949'727'171'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-46.828'839'000'0	MeV	8.630'132'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.04E-6	year	32.700	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β-	5,020.000	keV	⁵³V	⁵³Ti > [ 100 % , β- , 5,020.0 keV ] > ⁵³V								100.000'000	%	⁵³Cr
Isotope_022_ti_54_u	Unstable	⁵⁴Ti	Boson	22	p	32	n	0	1	53.951'052'401'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-45.594'395'000'0	MeV	-45.594'395'000'0	MeV	-		-		4.75E-8	year	1.500	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β-	4,297.000	keV	⁵⁴V	⁵⁴Ti > [ 100 % , β- , 4,297.0 keV ] > ⁵⁴V								100.000'000	%	⁵⁴Cr
Isotope_022_ti_55_u	Unstable	⁵⁵Ti	Fermion	22	p	33	n	3/2	-1	54.955'265'056'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-41.670'332'000'0	MeV	8.516'021'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.55E-8	year	490.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	100.000'000	%	β-	7,481.000	keV	⁵⁵V	⁵⁵Ti > [ 100 % , β- , 7,481.0 keV ] > ⁵⁵V								100.000'000	%	⁵⁵Mn
Isotope_022_ti_56_u	Unstable	⁵⁶Ti	Boson	22	p	34	n	0	1	55.958'199'639'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-38.936'785'000'0	MeV	8.459'266'000'0	MeV	-		-		5.20E-9	year	164.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	100.000'000	%	β-	7,143.000	keV	⁵⁶V	⁵⁶Ti > [ 100 % , β- , 7,143.0 keV ] > ⁵⁶V	?	%	β-n	2,143.000	keV	⁵⁵V	⁵⁶Ti > [ ? % , β-n , 2,143.0 keV ] > ⁵⁵V	100.000'000	%	⁵⁶Fe	?	%	⁵⁵Mn
Isotope_022_ti_57_u	Unstable	⁵⁷Ti	Fermion	22	p	35	n	5/2	-1	56.963'989'137'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-33.543'903'000'0	MeV	8.357'848'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.90E-9	year	60.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	100.000'000	%	β-	10,645.000	keV	⁵⁷V	⁵⁷Ti > [ 100 % , β- , 10,645.0 keV ] > ⁵⁷V	0.300'000	%	β-n	4,465.000	keV	⁵⁶V	⁵⁷Ti > [ 0.3 % , β-n , 4,465.0 keV ] > ⁵⁶V	100.000'000	%	⁵⁷Fe	0.700'000	%	⁵⁶Fe	?	%	⁵⁵Mn
Isotope_022_ti_58_u	Unstable	⁵⁸Ti	Boson	22	p	36	n	0	1	57.966'970'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-30.767'000'000'0	MeV	8.305'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.71E-9	year	54.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	100.000'000	%	β-	9,441.000	keV	⁵⁸V	⁵⁸Ti > [ 100 % , β- , 9,441.0 keV ] > ⁵⁸V								100.000'000	%	⁵⁸Fe	?	%	⁵⁷Fe
Isotope_022_ti_59_u	Unstable	⁵⁹Ti	Fermion	22	p	37	n	5/2	-1	58.972'930'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-25.216'000'000'0	MeV	8.207'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		9.51E-10	year	30.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	100.000'000	%	β-	11,851.000	keV	⁵⁹V	⁵⁹Ti > [ 100 % , β- , 11,851.0 keV ] > ⁵⁹V								100.000'000	%	⁵⁹Co	?	%	⁵⁸Fe
Isotope_022_ti_60_u	Unstable	⁶⁰Ti	Boson	22	p	38	n	0	1	59.976'760'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-21.648'000'000'0	MeV	8.145'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		6.97E-10	year	22.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	100.000'000	%	β-	10,929.000	keV	⁶⁰V	⁶⁰Ti > [ 100 % , β- , 10,929.0 keV ] > ⁶⁰V								100.000'000	%	⁶⁰Ni	?	%	⁵⁹Co
Isotope_022_ti_61_u	Unstable	⁶¹Ti	Fermion	22	p	39	n	1/2	-1	60.983'200'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-15.649'000'000'0	MeV	8.046'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		3.17E-10	year	10.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	?	%	β-	13,712.000	keV	⁶¹V	⁶¹Ti > [ ? % , β- , 13,712.0 keV ] > ⁶¹V	?	%	β-n	8,860.000	keV	⁶⁰V	⁶¹Ti > [ ? % , β-n , 8,860.0 keV ] > ⁶⁰V	?	%	⁶¹Ni	?	%	⁶⁰Ni	?	%	⁵⁹Co
Isotope_022_ti_62_u	Unstable	⁶²Ti	Boson	22	p	40	n	0	1	61.987'490'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-11.653'000'000'0	MeV	7.982'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		3.17E-10	year	10.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	?	%	β-	12,770.000	keV	⁶²V	⁶²Ti > [ ? % , β- , 12,770.0 keV ] > ⁶²V								?	%	⁶²Ni	?	%	⁶¹Ni	?	%	⁶¹Ni
Isotope_022_ti_63_u	Unstable	⁶³Ti	Fermion	22	p	41	n	1/2	-1	62.994'420'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-5.198'000'000'0	MeV	7.881'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		9.51E-11	year	3.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	?	%	β-	15,710.000	keV	⁶³V	⁶³Ti > [ ? % , β- , 15,710.0 keV ] > ⁶³V	?	%	β-n	11,160.000	keV	⁶²V	⁶³Ti > [ ? % , β-n , 11,160.0 keV ] > ⁶²V	?	%	⁶²Ni	?	%	⁶¹Ni	?	%	⁶⁰Ni	?	%	⁶³Cu

22 – Titanium, Ti

22 – Titanium, Ti

22 – Titanium, Ti

22 – Titanium, Ti

22 – Titanium, Ti

Spectrograph

Elemental Tile

Titanium Nodules on Sponge

Spectrograph

Elemental Tile

Titanium Nodules on Sponge

Spectrograph

Elemental Tile

Titanium Nodules on Sponge

Spectrograph

Elemental Tile

Titanium Nodules on Sponge

Spectrograph

Elemental Tile

Titanium Nodules on Sponge