abaciscus
a small square tablet.

abactor
a cattle lifter, who steals sheep or cattle in herds, not singly.

abacus
a calculating board; and hence, arithmetic; a sideboard; a cupboard.

abandonnare
to permit or forbid by proclamation.

abandonum, abandum
anything sequestered, proscribed, pledged, or abandoned.

abarnare
to prove, legally, a secret crime.

abastardare
to bastardize.

abaso
an infirmary.

abatamentum
an entry by interposition.

abatare
to beat down; to defeat a writ or appeal; to enter into property void by death of the possessor before the heir takes possession.

abatis, abbatis
an officer who distributes corn, an avener or hostler; a ration of corn.

abator
a person who by interposition enters into property.

abatudus
diminished, esp. clipped, as money.

abbas
an abbot.

abbatatus
the office of abbot.

abbatia, abbathia
an abbey; the office of abbot.

abbatissa
an abbess.

abbatizare
to be abbot.

abbayum
a milldam.

abbettamentum
abetment.

abbettare, abettare
to abet; to instigate.

abbettator
an abbettor.

abbettum
abetment.

abbottare
to abut, or bound.

abbreviamentum
an abridgement.

abbreviare
to abridge.

abbrocamentum
abbrochment, or forestalling a market or fair.

abbrocator
a forestaller; a broker.

abbuttare
to abut.

abcariare
to carry away.

abdicare
to renounce an office before the term of service has expired.

abditorium
a chest for keeping plate or relics.

abecedarium
an alphabet.

abecedarius
a scholar learning to read.

abecula
the back of a sword or knife.

aberemurdrum
manifest murder.

abettare, &c
See abbettare, &c.

abeyantia
abeyance. Property is in abeyance when it is in the expectation, in the intendment of the law, not in actual possession.

abgatoria, abgetorium
the alphabet; rudiments of a science.

abhaeres
a future holder of property, not the next heir.

abiaticus
a nephew (aviaticus).

abigevus
a cattle stealer: See abactor.

abjectire
to be non-suited; to make default.

abjudicare
to take away by judicial sentence.

abjurare
to renounce the realm for ever.

ablactatus
weaned.

ablatum
a wafer. O.E. obley (oblata).

abra
a maidservant.

abrenunciatio
renunciation.

abrocagium
brokerage.

abrocarius
a broker.

abrogabilis
fit to be repealed.

absconcius
a casket.

absconsa
a dark lantern; a sconce.

absis
an apse; a church porch.

absolutionis dies
Maundy Thursday.

absoniare
to shun, or avoid.

abutare
See abbuttare.

acatum
See accatum.

accalvaster
bald in front.

accannellare
to chamfer.

accapitare, accaptare
to pay a relief.

accapitis, accapitum, accaptamentum
a relief.

accatum
an acquisition.

accearium
steel.

accendile
a lamp or candle wick.

acceptilatio
discharge, acquitance.

acceptor
a hawk.

acceptor de arbore
a brancher.

acceptor de pertica
a hawk off the perch.

acceptor domitus
a reclaimed hawk.

acceptor intra clavem repositus
a hawk in the mew.

acceptor mutatus
a mewed hawk.

acceptoricius canis
a spaniel used for falconry.

accessorius
guilty of a felonious offence, non principally, but by participation.

accidia
sloth.

accidinetum
gorse.

acciptrarius
a falconer.

accitulium
cuckoo sorrel.

acclaudicare
to lame, esp. a horse, with bad shoeing.

accola
a colonist; a cultivator of land where he was not born.

accompliamentum
accomplishment.

accrescendi jus
right of increase.

acedia
melancholy.

acega
a woodcock (scolopax rusticola).

acellarius
“a spenser,” cellarer.

acentus
increase.

acerrum, acerum
steel.

aceta
a snipe, or woodcock.

achaptare
See accapitare.

achatum
purchase, bargain.

achersetus
a measure of corn, conjectured to be a quarter.

achevare
to finish.

acitula
henbane.

acolabium
a farm, a tenement.

acoluthus
an acolyte. O.E. a colet.

acopatus
See acupatus.

acordum
accord; assent.

acquestra
acquisition.

acquietantia
a discharge in writing, of money paid or debt due; quittance.

acquietare
to pay; to free or discharge.

acquirere, adquirere
to purchase; to acquit.

acra
an acre of land; a judicial combat, holm gang.

acra anglicana
20 English acres in the reign of Richard I are said to be equal to 22 acres.

acroisia
blindness. For aorisia.

actachiare
See attachiare.

actilia
armour and weapons; gear: See atilium.

actio
a legal demand of a right.

actionare
to prosecute.

acto
a haqueton, a padded or quilted tunic worn under the mail.

actor
a proctor or advocate in civil courts.

actor dominicus
the bailiff or attorney of a lord.

actor ecclesiae
the advocate or pleading patron of a church.

actor villae
the steward or head bailiff of a town or village.

actornatus
See attornatus.

actuarius
the clerk who registers the acts of convocation.

acuarium
a needle case.

acucio
sharpening.

aculus, acula
an aglet, a metal tag.

acupatus
charged with (adculpatus).

acuperium
a whetstone.

acupictor
an embroiderer.

acusile
a trinket.

acustumabilis, acustumatus
liable to custom.

acustumare
to exact custom; to exempt from custom.

acuta
ague.

acutecula
a steel; a hone.

ad
Sometimes used for “at” not “to” a place.

adalingus
an etheling.

adaquare
to water (cattle); to drown.

adaquarium
a watering place.

adasia
a ewe.

adbreviare
to abridge.

adcredulitare
to purge oneself of an accusation by oath.

addictio
used for additio.

additio
a title setting forth a person’s estate, degree, trade, &c.

addresciare, addressare
to redress; to restore; to make amends for; to render account of.

adirare
to lose.

adiratus
a compensation for goods lost or stolen.

adjacentia
neighbourhood; a thing near other.

adjectire
to cite.

adjornamentum, adjurnamentum
adjournment, putting off to another day or place.

adjornare
to adjourn.

adjudicatio
pronouncing a judgment or decree.

adjurnare
to adjourn.

adlegiare
to purge oneself of a crime by oath. (Fr. aleier.)

admensuratio
admeasurement, a writ for remedy against persons who usurp more than their share.

adminiculum, adminiculatio
aid, support.

admiraldus
an admiral.

admiraldus
sometimes used for emeraldus.

admiralis
an admiral.

admiralitas
admiralty.

admiralius, admirallus
an admiral.

admiravisus
an emir vizier.

admissionalis
an usher.

admissivus
an usher.

admonitor
a watch dog, “a wappe.”

adnichilare, adnullare
to annul.

adquietare
See acquietare.

adramire
See arramire.

adrectare
to do right; to make amends.

adresciare
See addresciare.

adsecurare
See assecurare.

adulterinus
unlawful, esp. of castles and guilds.

adunare
to collect.

aduncare
to draw with a hook.

advallacio anguillarum
eelbucks.

advanciamentum
advancement.

advantagium
advantage; the right of the lord to redeem a fief removed by the vassal from his lordship.

adventale
a ventail or visor.

adventare
to arrive.

adventura
an adventure, or venture.

adventurare
to adventure, or venture.

adventurarius
an adventurer.

adventus
casual profit.

adversaria
memoranda.

advisamentum
advice; consideration.

advisare
to advise.

advocare
to advow; to vouch; to justify an act done; to avow, i.e. in boroughs, to falsely allege that goods belong to a freeman so as to evade duty.

advocaria
avowry; the justification of having taken a distress, when the party sues forth a replevin.

advocatia
an advowson.

advocatio
advowson, the right of presentation to an ecclesiastical benefice; allegation of protection or authority.

advocator
a voucher; a pleader.

advocatus
a counsellor or pleader; patron of a church, avowee, advowee, vouchee; protector of a community.

aedituus
a verger, a keeper of relics.

Aegyptiacus, Aegyptius
a gypsy.

aeraria, aeria
an eyry, a nest, usually of hawks.

aerarius
nesting

aereus, aerius
sky blue.

aericius canis
See herecius.

aerrarius
See aerarius.

aesnescia
See esnecia.

affadilla
a daffodil.

affeagium
See affidagium.

afferamentum
affeerment, assessment.

afferare
to assess a fine.

afferator
an affeerer, a person who assesses fines in courts leet and courts baron.

affeteiare
to break or train hounds or hawks.

affeyteiare
See affeteiare.

affidagium
assurance; safety.

affidare
to certify; to swear fealty; to affiance; a term used at the game of tables.

affidatio
an oath.

affidatus, affidus
one who has pledged his faith to another.

affilare
to put on a file with.

affilatorium
a steel, a hone.

affina
a workshop.

affinare
to fine (gold); to finish.

affirmare
to let to farm.

affodillus
a daffodil.

afforare
to appraise.

afforciamentum
a fortress; compulsion; the coercive power of a Court.

afforciare
to increase or make stronger; to compel.

afforciatus
pure, unadulterated. Applied to cloth and other goods.

afforestare
to turn land into forest.

affra
See affrus.

affraia
an affray.

affraiare
to frighten.

affrectamentum, affretamentum
freight.

affrectare, affretare
to freight.

affriare
to frighten.

affrus
an ox or horse for farm work, usually a horse.

affuramentum
See afferamentum.

agalauda
a plover, probably a pewit.

agalma
an image on a seal.

agaseus
a gazehound.

agellarius
a hayward; a herdward.

agellus
a hamlet.

agenda
business; the office of the Mass or other service; a priest’s daily office.

agenfrida
a lord or owner.

agerarius
a farmer’s dog.

aggreare se
to agree.

agillarius
a hayward or herdward; a keeper of cattle on a common.

agisamentum
a masquerade.

agistamentum
right of pasturage; the sum paid for this right; assignment of it.

agistare
to assign pasturage for cattle, esp. in a forest.

agistatae terrae
lands whose owners are bound to keep up sea walls.

agistator
an agister or gyst taker, an officer who assigns the pasturage in a forest.

agistiamentum
See agistamentum.

agitatio animalium in foresta
the drift or view of beasts in the forest.

agna
a gold coin, 14th cent.

agnatio
lambing.

agnellatio, agnilatio
lambing.

Agnus Dei
an oval piece of white wax, stamped with the figure of a lamb, and consecrated.

agontea
a champion (agonista).

agreamentum
agreement.

agreare se
to agree.

agredula
a titmouse.

agri
arable land in the common fields.

aimellatus
enamelled.

ainescia
the right of the eldest: See esnecia.

aira
an eyrie, the nest of an eagle, a falcon, or a swan.

aisiamentum, aisimentum
liberty of passage; easement.

aisnecca
a ship. (A.S. snace.)

aisya
convenience.

akermannus
a small farmer. (A.S. aecer mon.) Their holding was less than that of the virgatarii, but from comparison of rent must have been more than an acre.

aketonum
a haqueton, a gambeson, a padded or quilted tunic.

ala
the aisle of a church.

alabastarius
a crossbowman (arcubalistarius).

alabrum
a reel.

alamandina
a stone coloured like a garnet.

alanerarius
a keeper of dogs (alans) or hawks (lanners).

alanus
a large hound.

alatera, alatoria, alatorium, alatura
a covered way or walk; a piazza.

alaudarius
a hobby hawk (falco subbuteo).

alba
an alb, a long white tight-sleeved vestment; dawn.

alba firma
a yearly rent payable to the chief lord of the hundred in white money, i.e. silver; white rent, blanch farm.

Albae
the weeks after Easter and Whitsuntide.

albatorium
southernwood.

albergata
the right of lodging in a vassal’s house; money paid in lieu thereof.

albergellum, albergio
a habergeon, a tunic of mail shorter than a hauberk.

albesteria
a loophole for shooting through.

albesterius
a crossbowman.

albinus
a foreigner. (O.E. a comeling.)

alblasta
a crossbow (arcubalista).

alblastarius
a crossbowman: See arcubalistarius.

aldermannus
an alderman.

aldermanria
a district under the jurisdiction of an alderman.

alea
a passage, an alley.

alebrodium
a warm drink; broth; caudle.

alecenarium
a lanner (falco lanarius).

alecia (sing.)
herrings (clupea harengus).

alecium, alectum
a herring, herrings. On the Continent the word included sardines and anchovies, but probably not in England.

aleium
alloy.

aleptes
a chamberlain.

alficus
a leper.

alfinus
a bishop, at chess.

alfita
flour. Alfita Herbarum is the title of a book.

algorismus
arithmetic.

aliblasterius
a worker in alabaster.

alices
contortions.

alietus
a hobby (falco subbuteo).

aliquilitas
essence.

aliteum
a crime.

alkamia
alcamyne, a mixed metal.

alkanea
alcanet, Spanish bugloss.

alkemonia
alchemy.

allativus
bringing.

allaya, allaia
alloy.

allecia
See alecia.

allectium, allectum
See alecium.

allegiantia
allegiance.

allegiare
to defend or justify by course of law.

alleviare
to levy or pay a fine.

allocabilis
allowable.

allocare
to allow.

allocatio
allowance; award.

allocatus
a proctor.

allodium
See alodium.

allorium
See alura.

allosa
a shad: See alosa.

allota, alluta
cork; cordwain leather.

allottare
to allot.

allox
a toe.

allucium
See allota.

alluminare
to illuminate, to decorate books with colour.

alluminator
a limner, an illuminator.

allutarius
See alutarius.

almaria, almerium
a cupboard; an aumbry: See armaria.

almariolum
a little cupboard.

almicia, almicium
See almucia, amictus.

almonaria
an almonry.

almonarium
a cupboard; an ambrey.

almonarius
an almoner.

almonera, almoneria
an almonry; a pouch or purse from which alms were given.

almucia, almucium
an amess or amuse, a cloth or fur hood worn by canons and monks.

alna
an ell: See ulna.

alnagium
measurement by the ell; duty paid by the ell.

alnetum
a place where alders grow, an alder grove.

aloarius, alodarius
the lord of a free manor.

alodium
a free manor.

alorium
See alura.

alosa
a shad, probably used for both the twaite shad and the allice shad. (Cuvier’s alosa finta and alosa communis.)

aloverium
a purse.

alphita
See alfita.

altaragium
altarage; offerings made upon the altar; small tithes.

altarigium
See altaragium.

altarista
a priest assigned to one altar in a church.

altellus
an alien.

altera pars
half.

alterare
to change, alter.

alteratio
alteration.

altile
a fatted beast or fowl; a capon.

altiragium
See altaragium.

alura (Fr. aleur)
an alure, a passage, alley; a parapet; a walk behind a parapet; a gutter.

alutarius
a cordwainer; a tanner; a tawyer; dressed leather.

alver
the same as aloverium (?).

alveus
a barge.

alviolum
a maund, a basket.

amalare
to enamel.

amanda
an almond.

amatista
an amethyst.

ambactus
a servant; a client.

ambana
an enclosure round a house; an outbuilding.

ambassiata
an embassy.

amabassiator
an ambassador.

ambidexter
a juror who takes money from both sides; a swindler.

ambis
a vase.

ambisiata
See ambassiata.

ambo
a pulpit, or reading desk.

ambra
a measure of wheat or salt, four bushels; a wine jar; amber.

ambro
bold, greedy; a prodigal.

ambrum
amber.

ambularius
an ambling horse.

ambulatorium
a passage, a gallery.

amelare
to enamel.

amensuramentum
measurement; assessment; estimate.

amensurare
to measure; to assess.

amera
willow.

amerciamentum
a pecuniary punishment.

amerciare
to amerce, fine.

amesuramentum
See amensuramentum.

amicia
See almucia.

amictus
an amice, a linen sacerdotal vestment forming a hood or collar.

amirellus
an admiral.

amittena
a sheeptick.

ammaylare
to enamel.

amminiculum
See adminiculum.

ammobragium, amobragium
a kind of service; a fine; the Welsh form of Mercheta.

amodo
then, afterwards.

amortizamentum
amortization.

amortizare
to alien lands in mortmain, to amortize.

amortizatio
amortization.

amotibilis, amovibilis
removeable.

amphibologia
ambiguity.

amphibolus
a cloak, an overall.

amphistrum
the helm of a ship.

ampliatio
deferring judgment till a cause is further examined.

amplicare
to enlarge.

ampulla
a vessel for holding holy oil; a reliquary.

amullus
some farm animal, a ram (?).

amuntare
to amount.

amuntia
amount.

anabatrum
a curtain.

anachoreta
a hermit; an anchorite.

analogium
a reading desk.

anamelatus
enamelled.

anata
a duck.

anatus
a drake.

anca
a haunch; an ancle.

ancareus
with a handle.

ancoragium
duty paid by ships when they anchor in a haven.

ancus
long (of gloves).

andena
a swath; as much ground as a man can stride over; an andiron.

andreseya
a dairy.

androchia, androgia
a dairy-maid.

androchiarium
a dairy.

anelacium
a knife; a dagger.

anella
a manacle, a handcuff.

angaria
a vexatious personal service; distress; the Ember weeks.

angarialis
grievous.

angariare
to compel.

angarius
a catchpole, an officer who arrests.

angeldum, angildum
the single valuation or fine imposed on a criminal.

Algleria
Englishry.

Angliceria
Englishry.

Anglici probatio
proof of Englishry.

animalia
oxen.

animequus
contented.

anitergium
a wisp of grass.

ankerissa
an ancress, a female hermit.

annales
yearling cattle.

annatae
first fruits; annates.

annatus
first-born; one year old.

annuale
yearly income of a prebendary; or of a priest for celebrating an anniverary.

annuarium
an anniversary; a calendar of anniversaries.

annuatim
yearly.

annulatus
ringed (of a pig).

anquiromagus
a ship’s stern.

ansea
a truss.

ansorium
a shoemaker’s knife; a razor.

antecessor
an ancestor; a predecessor in office; also the name of a servant attending on a dean and chapter.

antecinerales feriae
days before Ash Wednesday.

antegarda
vanguard.

antela
a poitrel.

antemurale
a barbican.

antenatio
the right of an elder child.

antependium
hangings in front of an altar.

antephalarica
a portcullis.

antesellum
a package carried in front of the saddle.

antesignatus (antesignanus)
a soldier posted in front of the standard.

antianitas
antiquity, i.e. seniority; ancienty.

antianus
old, ancient.

antibata
an opponent.

antica
a hatch.

anticopa
a countertally.

antidoron
a gift given in exchange.

antigraphus
a scribe, a copyist.

antilopia
an antelope (heraldic).

antipera
a screen.

antiphona
alternate verses sung by the halves of the choir.

antiphonarium
a book containing anthems or antiphons.

antiphonista
an antiphoner, a leader in singing antiphons.

antiquitas
seniority; ancienty.

antistes
a bishop; an abbot.

antistita
an abbess.

antistitium
a monastery.

antithetarius
an accused person who charges his accuser with the same crime.

apanagium
the portion of a younger child.

apatisare
to agree; to ransom.

apechiamentum
impeachment.

aporia
poverty; trouble.

aporiare
to impoverish.

apostare
to transgress.

apostolos petere
to appeal to Rome.

apothecarius
a shopkeeper; a keeper of a granary or store; a druggist.

apparator
a messenger who serves the process of a spiritual court, an apparitor.

apparella
items of miscellaneous excess beyond current regulated expenditure. (Middle Temple.)

apparens lex
ordeal.

apparentia
appearance.

appares
equals.

apparura
furniture; equipment.

appatizare
See apatisare.

appellare
to appeal.

appellum
an appeal.

appendens
a thing of inheritance, belonging to a greater inheritance.

appenditia
appendages; appurtenances.

appendium
a reel.

appendix, appendicium
a pentice, a penthouse.

appennagium
See apanagium.

appensamentum
delay; postponement.

appensura
payment of money by weight.

appenticium
a pentice, a penthouse.

applauda
sauce.

applicium
an inn; lodging.

applita
harness; fittings.

appodiare
to prop up; to sustain.

appoisonare
to poison.

apponere
to pledge; to pawn.

apporia, apporria
See aporia.

apportionamentum
apportionment.

apportionare
to divide proportionally.

apportum
revenue or profit; corrody or pension; rent or tribute.

appreciare
to appraise.

apprendicius
an apprentice.

apprentisagium, apprenticiamentum
apprenticeship.

approbare
to augment the vaule of, as to increase the rent of land.

approbator
a person who confesses felony and accuses others, an approver.

appropriare
to annex a benefice to the use of a spiritual corporation or person; to appropriate.

appropriatio, appropriamentum
appropriation.

approvamentum
profits; crop.

approviare, approware, appruare se
to use for one’s own profit, as to enclose waste land.

appruator
an officer in some towns (e.g. Wakefield) appointed to look after the interests of the lord of the manor.

appruntare
to borrow.

appunctuare
to appoint.

aprisa, aprisia
an inquisition, information.

aquagium
a watercourse; a holy water stoup.

aqualitium
a gutter.

aqualium
the top of the head.

aquare
to water.

aquarium
a ewer.

aquebachelus
a holy water clerk.

aquestus
acquisition.

arabilis
a maple tree.

aracium: a stud of horses
See haratium.

aralis
arable.

arallus
a ploughfoot.

aralus
a maple tree.

aratrum terrae
as much land as can be tilled with one plough.

aratum
a charter.

aratus
a day’s ploughing.

arbalista, arbalistarius
See arcubalista.

arbalisteria
loopholes.

arcare
to be charged with; to build an arch; to vault.

arcarius
an archer; a keeper of an arca, a chest for the deposit of treasure or deeds.

arcenarius
See arconarius.

archearius
a bow bearer: See arcarius.

archemecherus
some officer in the household of Henry VI, perhaps chief cook.

archenius
a rick of corn.

archeria
archery.

archerius
a bow bearer.

archidiaconus
an archdeacon.

archiepiscopus
an archbishop.

archifenium
a croft of land.

archionium
a stack.

archipresbyter
chief priest in a collegiate church.

archisigillarius
chief keeper of a seal, a chancellor.

architector
a thatcher.

architenens
an archer.

archivum
a place where records are kept.

archivus
a keeper of records; a secretary.

archonista
a bowyer.

archus
a bow.

arcista
See artista.

arcisterium
a monastery (asceterium).

arconarius
a man engaged in some trade connected with wool.

arconium
a rick, a stack.

arconizare
to stack.

arcuare
to play a musical instrument which requires the use of a bow.

arcubalista
a crossbow, an arblast.

arcubalistarius
a crossbowman, an arblaster.

arcubius
a watchman.

arcubus, curia de
the Court of Arches, so called from the church of St. Mary de Arcubus (le Bow), where it was formerly held.

arcuere
to shoot with a bow.

arculius
a watchman.

arculus
a saddle bow.

arcussit
shot.

ardeda
a firegrate.

area
an open space; a cemetery.

arenga
a preamble; harangue.

areniare
to rein.

arentare
to let for a rent; to arrent; to rate.

arentatio
rental; assessment of rent.

aresta, pannus de
arras.

arestare
to arrest.

arestum
arrest.

a retro
in arrear.

argumentosus
ingenious.

argutarius canis
a greyhound.

arista, pannus de
arras.

arivagium
toll paid by ships on mooring at a wharf or port.

arivare
to approach the shore; to arrive.

arlechatus
equipped.

arma dare
to make a knight.

armaria
a cupboard; an aumbry; a study.

armariolum
a little cupboard.

armarium
See armaria.

armarius
a librarian in a monastery.

armatura
armour; military exercise.

armelausa
a cloak.

armicudium
a dagger.

armiger
an esquire.

armilausa
a cloak.

armilustrium
a tournament.

armiturium
a dagger.

armurarius
an armourer.

arnaglosa
plantain.

arnaldia
a disease, perhaps baldness.

aromatarius
a grocer; a spicer.

arpa
a young eagle.

arpendum, arpennum, arpentum
a small plot of land; an acre.

arquilla
a linchpin.

arquillus
a saddle bow (?); an ox yoke.

arquinecca
some drug or spice.

arrabilis
a maple tree.

arraiamentum
array, in reference either to a jury, or to soldiers.

arrariare
to array.

arraiatio
See arraiamentum.

arraiatores
arrayers, officers whose duty it was to see that soldiers were properly accoutred.

arrainamentum
arraignment.

arrainare, arrainiare
to claim; to arraign, to accuse.

arramiare
See arainare.

arramire, adrumire
to promise, esp. in a court of law.

arraria
arrears.

arratum
a charter.

arraya
See arraiamentum.

arrectatus
suspected; accused.

arrenamentum
arraignment.

arrenare
See arrainare.

arrenda
rent.

arrentare
See arentare.

arrepticius
possessed by an evil spirit.

arreragium
arrearage; respite of payment.

arrestare
to arrest.

arrestum
arrest.

arriolari
to foretell (hariolari).

arrivagium
See arivagium.

arrivare
See arivare.

arrura
See arura.

arsina
arson; house-burning.

arsinale
an arsenal.

arsura
trial of money by fire.

artavum
a small knife.

articulare
to draw up in articles; to article.

articulus
an article; esp. a complaint exhibited in a Court Christian.

artificium
handicraft.

artillator
a maker of artillery.

artilleria
artillery.

artista
one who has taken a degree in arts.

artitus
skilfully made or arranged.

arura
ploughing; a day’s work with a plough; a ploughland; a tilled field; crops.

arvambulus
a tramp.

ascella
the part where the arm joins the shoulder; the armpit (axilla).

ascerra
a ship for incense.

asceterium
a monastery.

asiamentum
See aisiamentum.

asinare
to ride on an ass.

aspersorium
a sprinkler; a vase for holy water.

aspiculna
a ladle or fork used in frying.

assacella
a stove.

assaia, assaium
assay; examination of weights and measures, of bread, beer, &c.

assaiare
to assay, to examine.

assaiator
an assayer.

assallire
to assault.

assaltus
an assault.

assartare
to bring forest land into cultivation by grubbing up the roots, &c.

assartum
assart, land brought into cultivation.

assaturis
a gridiron.

assaysiare (of judges): to call others to assist them.

assecurare
to make secure by pledge or oath; to assure.

assedare
See assidare.

assemblare
to assemble.

assemblata, assemblatio
an assembly.

asseratus
wainscotted.

asserrum
steel.

assessare
to assess; to fine.

assessio
assessment.

assessor
an assessor.

asseurare
See assecurare.

asseware, assewiare
to drain marsh ground.

assidare, assidere
to tax equally; to assess.

assidella
a table dormant.

assidiare
to besiege; to attack.

assignare
to transfer a right; to appoint a deputy; to declare; to pledge.

assignare se ad
to attack; to lay hands on.

assignatio
assignment; transference of interest.

assignatus
an assignee; a deputy.

assimulare
to put together; to collect.

assisa
a fixed measure; a tax or fine; a sitting of justices to hear causes; a jury; certain statutes and writs are also called assisae.

assisa panis et cerevisiae
the power of examining the weight and measure of bread and beer.

assisores
assessors.

assisus
rented or farmed out.

assisus redditus, redditus assisae
rent of assize; fixed rent.

assoniare
to essoin.

assueare
to drain.

assuera
a drain.

assultus
an assault.

assumare
to kill.

assumptio
the anniversary of the death of a saint.

assurantia
assurance.

assurare
to assure.

astela
a staff.

astrarius haeres
an heir who occupies his inheritance during his ancestor’s life.

astrium
a hearth; a house.

astructus
instructed.

astrum
See astrium.

astula
a piece of firewood.

astur
See austur.

asura
azure.

aszeisia
See azesia.

atachiare, &c
See attachiare.

athia, atia
hatred, malice.

atilium, atillium
a utensil; an implement; gear; the rigging of a ship.

atinctus
See attinctus.

atirare
to equip.

atratus
a mourner.

atriamentum
a courtyard.

attachare
to affix.

attachiamentum
attachment; apprehension of a person or seizing goods; articles seized with a criminal, showing his guilt; right of using (underwood, water, &c.).

attachiamentum forestae
the lower court of a forest.

attachiare
to take in pursuance of a writ; to attach.

attachiator
an officer who makes attachment; a bailiff.

attagiare
to attach.

attaincta, attincta
attaint, a writ against a jury for giving a false verdict.

attamiare, attaminare
to broach.

attaxare
to assess.

attegia
a little house.

atterminare
to put withing certain boundaries; to postpone to a certain day; to atterm.

athagiare
See attachiare.

attilamentum
See atilium.

attiliaria
military engines; artillery.

attilliamentum
See atilium.

attilliator
a maker of artillery or military engines.

attilium
See atilium.

attincta
attaint.

attinctare
to attaint.

attinctus
attainted.

attirare
to equip.

attornamentum
an acknowledgement by a tenant of a new lord, attornment.

attornare
to assign goods to some special use; to appoint an attorney; to pack (?).

attornata
a commission.

attornatus
an attorney.

attractorium
a train; a trace.

attractus
carriage by dragging, draught; store.

atturnare, &c
See attornare, &c.

aubergellum
a habergeon, a tunic of mail.

aubobulcus
an oxherd.

auca
a goose; some article of plate, perhaps an ewer; an enclosed piece of land.

aucipiter
a falcon.

auctenticare
to declare authentic.

auctionarius, auctionator
a retailer; a broker.

aucubaculare
to catch birds after dark, to batfowl.

aucula
a gosling.

aucuntacio
used for augmentatio.

aucupia
game.

auditor
a catechumen; an examiner of accounts.

augea
a cistern.

aula
a court baron; the nave of a church.

auleum
a hanging, tapestry.

aunciatus
antiquated.

auncinium
an afternoon meal.

auracio
gilding.

aurare
to gild.

aureolus
a golden oriole (oriolus galbula), or goldfinch (fringilla carduelis).

auricalcum
latten.

auriculare
a cushion; a defence for the ears of a horse.

auricularis digitus
the little finger.

auricularius
a secretary.

aurifex
a goldsmith.

aurificium
goldsmith’s work.

aurifilum
gold thread.

aurifragium
See aurifrigium.

aurifraser, aurifresarius
an embroiderer.

aurifriatus, aurifrigiatus
having an orphrey.

aurifrigium, aurifresium, aurifrisium, aurifrixium
an orphrey, golden embroidery on clerical vestments.

aurisia
blindness (Gk. aorisia).

auroca, aurocus
a haycock, a hayrick; the quantity of hay which can be lifted on a handle of a scythe.

aurus
See averus.

austur, austurcus
a goshawk (astur palumbarius. Fr. autour).

austurcharius
a falconer.

ausungius
fat.

autela
a horse’s breastplate or poitrel, probably an error for antela.

autumnus
translated “summer” in the books of the Middle Temple.

autumpnare
to bring the harvest home.

auxilium
an aid.

auxionarius
See auctionarius.

avagium
payment for right of pannage in the lord’s wood.

avalagium
a fixed engine to take fish; eelbucks; the descent of a river; toll paid therefor.

avalare
to descend a river.

avantagium
See advantagium.

avaragius
one who looks after draught cattle.

avellana nux
a hazel nut.

avenagium
avenage, rent paid in oats.

avenarius
an avener, purveyor of oats.

avencia
advance.

aventallum
a ventaile, or visor.

aventura
See adventura.

avera
a day’s work of a ploughman.

averagium
service with horse and carriage due by the tenant to his lord; contribution by merchants towards losses of cargo by tempest.

averarius
a man who looks after farm cattle.

averia
horses or oxen for the plough; cattle generally.

averia de pondere, or ponderis
avoirs du poys, i.e. fine goods, such as spices, weighed by the pound at the king’s small balance when the duty was charged.

averium
goods, merchandise.

averrare
to carry goods in a wagon, or on horseback.

averus
a farm horse, or draught ox.

aviaticus
a nephew.

avironatus
rowing.

avironus
an oar.

avis
used like the Fr. oiseau, for a hawk or falcon.

avisagium
See avagium.

avisamentum
advice.

avisare
to advise.

avoare
See avocare.

avoaria
avowry.

avocare
to avow, confess; to justify.

avragium
See averagium.

avrus
See averus.

awardium
an award.

axare
to make or fit an axle-tree.

axiliare
to help.

aymellatus
enamelled.

ayziamentum
See aisiamentum.

azaldus
an inferior horse.

azarum
steel.

azesiae
tiles (?), shingles (?).

babatum
a horseshoe.

baca
an iron hook or staple.

bacar
a turnip.

baccalarius, baccalaureus
a bachelor.

baccile, baccinium
a bason.

bachelarius
a young knight; a knight disqualified from youth or poverty from carrying a banner in war: See baccalarius.

bacheleria
the commonalty, as distinguished from the baronage.

bacho
See baco.

bacile, bacina, bacinus
a bason.

bacinettum
a basinet, a helmet smaller than a helm and usually pointed at the top.

bacium
a horsecloth. O.E. base: See bassum.

baco
a hog; a salted pig’s carcase; a flitch of bacon; a ham.

bactile
a candlestick, esp. of wood.

bacularius
a bachelor.

baculus
a crozier.

badius
bay (horse).

baffa
a flitch of bacon.

baga
a bag or purse.

bagatinus
a small brass Venetian coin, worth in the 17th century about one sixteenth of a penny.

bagea
a badge.

bagus
bay (horse).

bahuda, bahudum
a chest; a trunk, called a barehide in English.

baia
rumour; a bay.

baiardus
a bay horse.

baila, bailium
bail.

bailius, baillivus
a bailiff.

baillia
bailiwick.

baillium
a grant in trust; the “bailey” of a castle.

baius
bay (of a horse).

bajula
a pitcher; the office of bajulus; a nurse.

bajulator
a bearer; a guardian.

bajulus
a bearer; a bailiff.

bajulus aquilae
an officer in the military order of St. John of Jerusalem, the Bailly of the Eagle.

bakeria
a bakehouse.

bala
a bale.

balancea, balancia
a pair of scales.

balasius
a balasse ruby, of a pale colour.

balca
a balk (of land).

balcanifer
the standard-bearer of the Knights Templar.

balcanum
The Templars’ standard.

baldacinifer
See balconifer.

baldekinum, baldicum
baudekin, a kind of brocade of silk and gold, originally brought from Bagdad; a canopy.

baldrea
a baldric.

balducta
a posset.

balengaria, balingarium
a balinger; a barge.

balesius
See balasius.

baleuga
See banleuga.

balidinus
bay (of a horse).

balista
used for a cross-bow, which is properly arcubalista.

balistarius
an arblaster, a cross-bowman.

balla
See ballia, balliva.

ballare
to sweep; to dance.

ballatio
a ballad.

balleuca
See banleuga.

ballia
the “bailey” of a castle: See balliva.

ballium
bail; the “bailey” of a castle; wardship; a grant in trust.

ballius
a bailiff.

balliva, ballivatus
bailiwick; office.

ballivus
a bailiff.

balneare
to bathe.

balneo, miles de
a knight of the Bath.

balneta
some sort of whale.

balus
a bale.

balustraria
loopholes.

bamba
a bed.

bancale, bancarium
a banker, a covering for a bench.

bancum, bancus
a bench.

banda
a band (of soldiers).

bandum
a pennon.

baneale
error for bancale (?), q.v.

banera, baneria
a banner.

banerettus
a knight made in the field, by cutting off the point of his pennon and making it a banner.

banidium
a badge.

banleuga, bannaleuca
the bounds of a manor or town; the circuit of a monastery over which it has jurisdiction. (Fr. banlieu.)

bannum, banum
a proclamation; a boundary; (pl.) bans of matrimony.

banum
a bane.

baractator, barator
a barretor, a common mover of suits and quarrels.

barbacana, barbakena
See barbicana.

barbator
a barber.

barbatus
barbed, of an arrow.

barbecana
See barbicana.

barbelatus
barbed.

barbicana
an outwork of a fortress.

barbicanagium
contribution for the maintenance of a barbican.

barbillus
a barbel (barbus vulgarius) or mullet (mullus barbatus).

barbitonsor
a barber.

barbitura
shaving.

barbota
a barge; an armed vessel.

barbulus
a barbel (barbus vulgaris).

barca
a barque.

barcaria
See bercaria and barkaria.

barcarius
See bercarius.

barcius
a fish, probably perch (perca fluviatilis), perhaps also bass (labrax lupus).

bardatus
barded, armed with a bard (of a horse).

barellus
a barrel.

baresta
a barrister.

barettus
probably the same as warectus.

barga
See barca and bargea.

bargania
an agreement; a bargain.

barganizare
to bargain.

bargea, bargia
a barge; part of a horse’s trappings.

barhuda, barhuta, barhuzia
a chest; a trunk, a barehide.

barillum, barrillus
a barrel.

barka
a barge; a barque.

barkaria
a tan-house.

barmbraccus
a lap-dog.

barnagium
baronage.

baro
a baron.

baronagium
baronage.

baronatus
barony; baronage.

baronettus
a baronet.

baronia
a barony.

baronissa
a baroness.

barra, barrha
a bar, a barrier; a bar to an action.

barractator
a barretor, an instigator of suits and quarrels.

barragium
toll for crossing a bridge.

barrare
to put bars to.

barrasterius
a barrister.

barratria
dissension; barratry.

barrista
a barrister.

barruzia
See barhuda.

bartona
demesne lands; a manor house.

barutellum
a cask.

bascinus
a bason.

basculus
a basket.

basena
See bazeyna.

basilardum
a long poniard; a falchion; a cutlass. (Early Chanc. Proc. 47, 256.)

basnetum
a basinet: See bacinettum.

bassare
to lower.

bassaria camera
a base chamber.

basselardus
See basilardum.

bassellus
a coin abolished by king Henry II.

bassum
a pack saddle.

bassus
low.

bastardia
bastardy.

bastardus
one born out of wedlock.

bastida, bastita
a castle, a word used especially in Southern France.

basto
a staff.

bastonicum
close custody.

basum
. Per basum tolnetum capere, to take toll by strike.

batalia
battle.

batella, batellus
a small boat.

batellagium
boat-hire.

batellarius
a boatman; a bateller, the lowest order in Oriel College.

batellatus
embattled.

batellus
a boat: See batillus.

bateria
battery, beating.

batilda
toll for boats (?).

batillagium
carriage by boat; boat-hire.

batillare
to send by boat.

batillus
a bat; a beetle; a clapper; a boat.

batitoria
a fulling mill.

batium
See bacium.

bativa, batura
battery.

batleuga
See banleuga.

batus
a boat; a measure, 12 and a half gallons; a peck; a vessel used in feeding horses; a bat.

baubare
to bark; to bay.

baubella
jewels.

bauca
a bason.

baucaria
a tapster.

baudekinum
See baldekinum.

bausanus
a badger, a bawson.

bausia, bosia
treason, felony.

bausiare, bosiare
to rebel.

bauzanus
piebald (Fr. baucant, bauzant.)

baya
See baia.

bazantius
See bisantius.

bazeyna
basil, prepared leather.

bechare
to dig; to use a pickaxe.

becnus
some sort of fish.

beconagium
contribution for the maintenance of beacons.

bedelaria
the office of beadle, or district to which his office extends; bedellary.

bedellus
a beadle, or bedell.

bederipa
See bedrepium.

bedrepium
bedripe, harvest work done by tenants as a customary service; it sometimes means a definite amount, perhaps a day’s work.

bedripus
See bedrepium.

bedum
the portion of a millstream which turns the wheel and is boarded up to increase the force of water.

belfredus
a belfry.

belgiga
a car, a chariot.

bellicrepa
a muster.

belligerare
to make war.

bellum
a battle; used, as the English word is, to denote a portion of an army; a judicial combat, duel.

benda
a band, either metal or stuff; a bar; a bend (heraldic).

beneficiare
to confer a benefice on; to enfeoff.

beneficium
a benefice, an ecclesiastical living or promotion.

benevolentia
a voluntary gratuity given by subjects to the king.

benwrda
benerthe, service with plough and cart.

beodum
a table.

bera
a bier: See beria, bersa.

berbiagium
a rent paid in sheep, or tax paid on sheep.

berbicaria
pasture for sheep.

berbix
a sheep.

bercaria
a sheepfold, sheepcote; a sheepwalk.

bercarius
a shepherd.

bercelettus
See bracelettus.

berdare
to beard or bard wool, i.e., to cut the head and neck off the fleece.

berebrutus
a man who takes charge of and distributes beer (?).

berefredus, berefridus
a belfry.

berewicha
a village or hamlet.

berfrarium
a military engine.

beria
an open plain.

berkeria
See bercaria.

bernaca
a bernicle goose (anser bernicla).

bernarius
a forest officer; a bearward; a beardog.

bernix
varnish.

berra
a heath, or moor.

bersa
the fence inclosing a park; an inclosure.

bersare
to hunt; to shoot.

bersarius
a hunter; a forester or park-keeper.

berseletta, berseretta
a small hound, used for fallow deer.

berthona, bertona
See bartona.

berwica
a village or hamlet.

berziza
beer, or perhaps wort.

besacutum
See bisacuta.

besantus
See bisantius.

besca, bescha
a spade; a shovel.

bescare
to dig.

bescarium
a spade.

bescata
as much land as a man can dig in a day.

beschillum
a spade.

bestiae
beasts (deer or cattle, usually the former).

betagius
a serf whose lord is a church or convent.

beudum
a table.

bever
a beaver (castor fiber).

beverinus, beverius
of beaver.

bibatio
drinking.

biberagium
beverage.

biberia, biberrium
an afternoon lunch, bever.

bibina
See biberia.

bibis, cum suis
error for vivis (?), livestock.

bibletum
a place where rushes grow.

bibona
a spout.

bica
a bees’ nest; a beehive.

bicarius
a bee-keeper.

bicoca
a turret.

bidellus
a bedell: a beadle.

bidens
a pitchfork.

bidripa
See bedrepium.

bidua
a female sheep from 1 to 2 years old, a gimmer.

biduana
a fast of two days.

biforalis
with two doors or shutters.

biga
a two-wheeled cart; its load. “Anglice, a wagon,” in a deed temp. Jac. I.

bigarius
a carter.

bigata
a cart load.

bigera
a doublet.

bigustrum
a primrose.

bilagines
bye-laws.

bilheta
a bill: a billet.

bilettum
a billet.

bilinguis
(of a jury) part English and part foreign.

billa
a bill.

billetum
a billet; a stake.

billia
a branch; a post.

billio
money of copper, or copper and silver; bullion.

billus
a staff or stick.

bilneta
a passport.

bina
a pair-horse cart.

bindum
a bundle; a bind of eels in 250; a stalk of hops; used also for skins.

binnarium
a fishpond, an error for vivarium (?).

bino
a ploughtail; a cart pole.

bipalium
a spade.

birrettum
a thin close-fitting cap; a coif.

bisacuta
a two-headed axe; a black bill, a twybill.

bisantius
a besant, a gold coin, first issued by the emperors of Byzantium, worth about a ducat; a bezant in heraldry.

bisantius albus
a silver besant, worth about 2s.

bisantius de plata
The same.

biscoctus, biscotus
biscuit.

bisius
See bisus.

bisquetta
part of a castle.

bissa
a hind.

bisus
lawn; cambric.

bisus panis
brown bread.

bivernagium
second crop.

bizachius
a baselard, a cutlass.

bizantium
See bisantius.

bladarius
a cornchandler.

bladum
corn.

blanchetta, blanchetum
a woolen garment worn under armour.

blanchetus
a blanket.

blanchiatura
reduction of base money to its true value.

blanci
white money, sterling.

blancum
a silver coin, worth 8d., coined by Henry V in France.

blancum argentum
money tested at the Exchequer as to its fineness.

blancum firme
blanch farm.

blandella
a cloak; a blanket.

blanhornum
a horn. (A.S. blauhorn.)

blaserius
an incendiary.

blaudius
See blodeus.

blaunchetta
See blanchetta.

blaundella
See blandella.

blendus
See bleudius.

blestia
turf.

blestro
a branch.

blestura
branches.

bleta
peat.

blettro
a branch.

bleuius
blue.

blida, blidus
a catapult.

blodeus, blodius
deep red; blue.

blondus
yellow; fair-haired.

bluedius, bluetus
blue.

blundus
See blondus.

blurus
bald.

bocardo
a prison.

bocca
a boss.

bocellus
See botellus.

boculus
a bullock.

boga
budge, lamb fur.

bogetta
a budget.

boia
See buia.

boisiare
to rebel.

boissellus
a bushel.

bokorammus
buckram.

bolare
to play at bowls.

boldagium, bolhagium
a cottage.

bolengarius
a baker.

bolla
a bowl; three-quarters of a pint; a boll, 6 bushels.

boloninus
a boloner, an Italian gold coin of two kinds, old boloners and Papal boloners, bearing on one side the Resurrection, on the other St. Thomas the Apostle of India or Mary Magdalene, the former being slightly more valuable.

bombarda, bombardus
a cannon.

bombicina
a hacqueton, a jack, a quilted tunic.

bombosus
noisy.

bombycinium
padding.

boncha
a bunch; a bank.

bondagium
villenage; slavery; a tenement held by a villein.

bondemannus
a bondman.

bondus
a serf; a slave.

borachia
an erection for fishing: See burochium.

borda
a plank; a hut; a small farm.

bordagium
tenure by which bordarii hold.

bordaria
a cottage.

bordarius
a cottier; also probably a farm-labourer living at the farm-house; a table servant; an inferior domestic servant.

bordellus
a small house.

bordus, bordum
a board.

boriens, borientalis
north.

boscagium
food which trees yield to cattle, as mast and acorns.

boscar
See bostar.

boscarium
a wooden house; a cowhouse.

boscarius
a woodman.

boscus
a wood.

bosia, bausia
treason, felony.

bosiare, bausiare
to rebel.

bosonus
a weapon, perhaps an arrow: See buzo.

bostar, bostarium
a stable for oxen.

bostarius
a gravedigger.

bostio
a cattle driver.

bota, botta
a boot; a bunch; a bundle; a bottle (of hay).

botellarius
a butler; a bottle maker.

botelleria
a buttery, or butlery.

botellus
a bottle; the stomach.

botescarlus
a boatman.

botha
a booth.

bothagium
payment for permission to erect boots at fairs and markets.

bothena
a barony, lordship.

bothna, buthna
a park for cattle.

botillum
a boltell. i.e. a round moulding or bead; a small shaft in a clustered column.

boto
a button.

botonare
to button.

botracium
a buttress.

botrus
a cluster.

botta
See bota.

bottellaria
See botelleria.

bounda
a boundary.

bavaria
a cattle-shed.

bovarius
an ox-herd.

bovata terrae
an ox-gang.

boveria, boverium
a cattle-shed.

bovetta
a heifer.

bovettus
a steer, a young ox.

boviculus
a young ox, but not the same as bovettus.

bovina
a stable for oxen; a cow-house.

bozetum
cowdung.

braca terrae
a ridge of earth, a balk. (Fr. braye.)

bracalia
breeches.

bracco
a brache, a small hound; often means a bitch.

bracelettus
diminutive of bracetus.

bracenarius
a hunstman.

bracetus, bracheta
a brachet, a hound for hare and fox, a beagle (?).

bracha
a cloak: See bracco.

brachanum
a carpet (?).

brachia
some fixed fishing engine.

brachiare
to brew.

brachiata
an armful; a fathom.

brachinum
a kneading trough.

braciare
to brew.

braciatorium
a brewhouse.

bracinum
a brewhouse; a brew.

braconarius
See bracenarius.

braelli
breeches.

braesium
malt.

bragetum
bragwort, or bracket, a drink flavoured with honey and spice.

bragmannus
a robber, marauder.

brandium
buckram.

branda, brando
a torch.

brandones
the first week in Lent.

brandonis vel brandonum dies
the first Sunday in Lent.

branis
brawn, muscle.

brannus
a fish, probably a bream (abramis brama).

brao
a ham; a gammon, possibly a misreading of baco.

braseum
malt.

brasiare
to brew.

brasiaria
a malthouse; a brewery.

brasiator
a maltster; a brewer.

brasina
a brewhouse.

brasinagium
brewing.

brasinum
the quantity of beer brewed at one time.

brasium
malt.

brasorium
a brewhouse.

brassata
a measure of 6 feet.

brattea
a leaf of metal, foil.

bravium
a prize.

breca
half a virgate (Worcester Priory Reg.).

brecca, brecka: a breach
See also braca.

brechia
See braca, brecca.

bredna
a bream.

breidura
embroidery.

breisna
wethers.

brella
starch.

bremia
a bream.

bremium
bran.

bremulus
a bream.

brenagium
a rent paid in bran, for the feed of the lord’s hounds.

brenna, brennia
a bream (abramis brama).

brennium, breno
bran.

bresmia, bresna, bresnia
bream.

bretaschia
a stockade.

bretechia, bretesca
a stockade.

brethachia
a stockade.

brethachiare
to fortify with stockades.

bretnia
a bream.

breve
a writ.

breviarium
a breviary.

brevigerulus
one who carries and serves writs.

brevis
a brief.

brevitor
a writer of writs.

bria
a liquid measure.

brianneum servitium
same as brenagium (?). (Selby Coucher, f. 122b.)

briga
contention; tumult.

brigandinarius
on officer in command of a brigade.

brigata
a brigade.

Brigittensis
a nun of the order of St. Bridget.

broca
a tap: See brocha.

brocagium, broccagium
a broker’s hire; brokerage.

brocatus
stitched: See brocha.

broccarius, broccator
a broker.

brocella
a wood.

brocellum
brushwood.

brocha, broccus
an awl; a packing needle; a spit.

brochia
a pitcher.

brochus
a stick of eels, i.e. 25.

broculator
a brewer.

brodiellum
brewet, pottage.

brodium
broth.

broidare, broiderare
to embroider.

brokettus
a brocket, a stag in its second or third year; but in Cl. R. 21 Hen. III. m. 12, the word is applied to damos, i.e. fallow deer.

brollium
wood, esp. for game.

broncheria
Palm Sunday.

brossus
bruised.

bruarium
heather: heath ground.

brudatus
embroidered.

bruera
heath.

bruilletus
a small coppice.

bruillium
See brollium.

bruisdatus, brusdatus
embroidered.

brullium
See brollium.

brumillus
a bream (abramis brama).

brunda
a stag’s horn.

bruneta
See burneta.

brunus
brown.

bruscare
to browse.

bruscia
a wood.

bruscus
brush; broom plant; a beehive.

brussura, brusura
a bruise.

brusua, brusula
browse; brushwood.

bucca, bucia
See bussa.

buccare
to puff.

buccula
See bucla.

bucecarlus
a boatman.

bucellum
a leather bottle.

bucetum
a cattle stall.

bucla
a boss; a buckle.

buclarium
a buckler.

bucula
a buckle.

buculus
the rim of a shield.

buda
a mat.

budellus
See bedellus.

bufetum
a board, a cupboard.

buffa
a large ship (error for bussa?).

bugerannum
buckram.

bugo
a stump, a log. (Fr. buche.)

bugula
a buckle.

buhurdicium
a tournament.

buia, buio
the two parts of a fetter.

buillo
See bullio.

bujectum
budge, lamb fur.

bukelarius
a buckler.

bulengerius
a baker.

buletellum
a sieve: See bultellum.

bulettare
to boult.

bulga, bulgium
a budget; a portmanteau; a bale.

bulla
a seal; a papal bull, sealed with lead or gold.

bullare
to append a bulla or seal.

bullaria
the office where the bulla was appended.

bullatus
sealed.

bulleria
a salt house (?).

bullio
a measure of salt, 12 gallons; a measure of almonds; bullion.

bullire
to boil.

bultellum, bultellus
a sieve; bran; the refuse of meal after it is dressed by the baker.

bunda
a boundary.

bundare
to bound.

bundellus
a bundle.

bura
a lock of hair or wool.

burbalia, burbilia
the numbles of a deer.

burbulium
a bubble.

burburium
See burbalia.

burcerius
the captain of a ship.

burcida
a thief, a cutpurse.

burdare, burdeare
to jest; to joust.

burdeicia, burdicium
a tournament.

burdo
a staff. (Fr. bourdon.)

burdus
a board.

burellarius
a bureller, maker of borel, or maker of yarn.

burellator
a bureller: See burellarius.

burellatus
barred.

burellus
borel or burrel, a coarse brown or grey woolen cloth made in Normandy as well as in England (Fr. bureau); a cupboard; a borrell, a boring tool.

burgagium
the service whereby a borough is held; a dwelling-house in a borough; burgage.

burgare
to break into a house, to commit burglary.

burgaria
burglary.

burgarius
a burgess.

burgator
a burglar.

burgemotus
an assembly of burgesses.

burgensis
a burgess; a townsman.

burgeria
burglary.

burgesaticum
land held by burgage tenure.

burghheritha
a fine for breach of the peace in a town.

burglaria
burglary.

burgulariter
burglariously.

burgus
a borough.

burlemannus
the contable’s assistant in a Court leet.

burneta, burnetum
cloth made of dyed wool; a kind of bird.

burniciator
a burnisher.

burochium
a small weel for taking fish, a burrock.

burrellus
See burellus.

bursa
an exchange, a meeting place of merchants.

bursaria
a bursary.

bursarius
a bursar; a purse maker.

burscida
a cutpurse.

bursesaticum
See burgesaticum.

burum
a room.

burus
a husbandman.

busca
underwood; firewood.

buscardus
a transport ship.

buscare
to cut underwood.

buscarlus
a seaman.

buscellum
See bucellum.

buscha, buscia: underwood
See bussa.

busellus
a bushel.

busones
chief persons (barones?).

bussa
a great ship. The English buss is a fishing boat.

bussellus
a bushel.

bussio
a bush.

busta
a box.

butarius
a butler; a bootmaker (?).

buteleria, butellarium
a buttery.

butellus
See botellus.

buteus
a boat.

buthsecarlus
See buscarlus.

buthum
See buttum.

buticularia
a buttery.

buticularius
a butler.

butirum
butter.

butisellus
a small bottle.

butta, butticum
a butt of wine.

butticella
a buttery.

buttileria
a buttery, or butlery.

buttum terrae
a butt of land, the end of a ploughed field.

buturum
butter.

buxeria
a plantation of box trees.

buya
See buia.

buzardum
a transport ship.

buzo
the shaft of an arrow.

bycus
boxwood.

byzantius
See bisantius.

caabla
a cable.

caabulus
a machine for throwing stones, a perriere. (Fr. chaable).

caballus
a horse.

cabana
a cabin.

cabdellus
a chief judge at Dax. (Fr. chadelerre.)

cabdolium
a castle or chief building in a town.

cabla
a cable.

cableicium, cablicia, cablicium
windfall wood; brouse wood; cablish.

cabo
a stallion.

cacepollus
a catchpole, or inferior bailiff.

cacherellus
a catchpole.

cachiagium
packing, or payment therefor.

cacor
See chasor.

cada
a cade of herrings, 600 of 6 score to the 100.

cadaverator morine
a man who removes the carcases of sheep dead of murrain.

cadia
a piece of firewood.

cadicla
a weaver’s shuttle; the woof.

cadium
a quay.

Caesar
the emperor.

caesareus
imperial.

cafagium
a stall; a cage; a pen.

caffa
some silk stuff.

cagia
a net for hunting; a coop; a cage.

cairellus
a quarel, a crossbow bolt.

calacha
a shoe. (Fr. galoche.)

calafurcium
gallows.

calamandrum
a kerchief.

calamar
a penner.

calamistratus
lazy; effeminate.

calangia, calangium
a challenge; a claim.

calbla
a cable.

calcari
to be assessed for.

calcaria, una
a pair of spurs.

calcarius
a spurrier.

calcea, calceia
chalk; a causey, or causeway; a street; pavement.

calceatura
livery.

calcesta
white clover.

calceta, calcetum
lime; a causey, or causeway; a street; pavement.

calcifurnium
a limekiln.

calcitura
shoeing horses.

caldaria
a caldron.

caldearium, caldellum
caudle.

calderium
a caldron.

caldo
entrails.

caledeus
a Culdee.

calefactor cerae
a chafewax, an officer in the Court of Chancery.

calefagium
the right of taking fuel.

calefurcium
gallows.

calendae
rural chapters held on the first of the month.

calendare
to make a list; to calendar.

calendarium
a list; a calendar; a table of contents.

calengiare
to challenge.

caleptra
a cap.

calfagium
fuel.

calificare
See qualificare.

caligarum, unum par de
“one pair of woolen cloth Venetians” (1601).

calix
a chalice.

calixtorium
a limekiln.

calmacia
calm weather.

calmetum
marsh.

calopodium
a shoemaker’s last.

calumnia
a challenge; a claim.

calumniare
to challenge; to accuse; to claim.

calumniatio
right of challenge.

calumniator
a claimant; an accuser.

calyx
a chalice.

camacatus
made of camaca.

camahutum
a cameo.

camaka
camaca, a material of which ecclesiastical garments were made, perhaps silk, camlet (?).

cambellanus
a chamberlain.

cambiare, cambire
to exchange; to trade; to keep a bank.

cambiator
See cambitor.

cambipartia
See campipartitio.

cambire
See cambiare.

cambitio
exchange.

cambitor
an exchanger, a moneyer.

cambium
an exchange; a mint.

cambra
See camera.

cambuca, cambuta
a pastoral staff, a crosier.

cambucarius
one who bears a crosier.

cambutio
exchange.

cambuttae
stilts; crutches.

camelotum
camel’s hair cloth.

camera
a crooked plot of ground; a chamber.

camera stellata
the Star Chamber.

cameralis
chamber (adj.).

cameraria
the office of chamberlain.

camerarius
a chamberlain.

cameria
the office of chamberlain.

camerlengus
a chamberlain.

camicia
a shirt.

caminus, caminum
a road; a chamber; a chimney; a stove.

camisia
a shirt; an alb.

camoca
a silken garment.

campana
a bell.

campanarium
a belfrey.

campanarius
a bell founder.

campanella
a little bell.

campania
open country.

campanile
a belfry.

campanus
country (adj.).

campartum
part of a larger field, which would otherwise be in common; or the right of the lord to take a certain share of the crop.

campedulum
a cope.

campertum
See campartum.

campestralis
open country.

campestratus
wearing short drawers.

campio
a champion.

campipars
See campartum.

campiparticeps
a champertor.

campipartitio
champerty, a bargain with the plaintiff or defendant in a suit to have part of the thing sued for.

campsare
to exchange, to traffic.

campsor
a banker; an exchanger; an exchequer officer.

campus
field (heraldic).

canabasium, canabus
canvas.

canapeum
a canopy.

canardus
a great ship.

cancella
the chancel of a church.

cancellare
to delete writing by drawing lines across it; to cancel.

cancellaria
chancery.

cancellarius
a chancellor.

cancellatura
cancelling.

cancellum
the chancel of a church.

cancera
a crab, a sort of capstan for moving heavy weights.

candelaria
Candlemas.

candelarius
a chandler.

candelatio
Candlemas.

candelossa
Candlemas.

candidare
to wash clothes.

candidarius
a launder, a whitster.

candredum
See cantreda.

canella
cinnamon.

canellus
a gutter, a kennel; a tube or tap for drawing wine.

canestellus
a basket.

caneva
a buttery; a cellar.

canevacium
canvas.

canfara
ordeal by hot iron.

canipulus
a short sword; a knife.

canna
a rod used for measuring land; a can.

canniare
to heap up straw or reeds.

canonia, canonicatus
a canonry.

canonicus
a canon, a prebendary.

cantaredus
See cantreda.

cantaria
a chantry.

cantarista
a chantry priest.

cantellum
a lump; that which is added above measure.

cantera
a gantry, or gantril, a four-footed stand for barrels, or for a travelling crane. Perhaps ths same as cancera.

canto
a canton (heraldic).

cantor
a chanter; a precentor.

cantreda, cantredus
a cantref, a Welsh division of a county, a hundred villages.

cantus
a corner; an angle; some part of a wheel.

capa
a mantle; a cope; a cap.

capana
a pot-hook.

caparo
a hood.

capella
a cap; a chaplet; a short mantle; a reliquary; a chapel; the furniture of a chapel.

capellania
a collegiate church; a chaplaincy; a chapelry; a vicarage.

capellanus
a chaplain.

capellaria
a chapelry.

capellarius
a capper.

capelletum
a headpiece.

capellula
a small chapel.

capellum, capellus
a cap; a helmet.

capicerius
a vestry keeper.

capicium
See capitium.

capillare
a coif.

capisterium
a sieve; a barn, a granary; a bed-curtain.

capistrius
a maker of halters.

capitagium
chevage, poll-money; a bolster.

capitale
a chattell; a thing which is stolen, or the value of it; a hood; a pillow.

capitale vivens
live cattle.

capitalis
chief.

capitales acrae
headlands, the parcels of a common field at right angles to the long strips.

capitalitium
poll money.

capitaneus
a captain.

capitare
to abut.

capite, tenere in
to hold in chief.

capitegium
a hood, a cap.

capitellum
the capital of a pillar.

capitiarius
See capicerius.

capitilavium
Palm Sunday.

capitium
a hood; a cap; the head of a bed; a headland; the east end of a church.

capitula
See capitulum.

capitulare
to divide into chapters; to make articles of agreement; to meet in chapter.

capitulariter
in chapter.

capitulum
a chapter; a chapter-house.

cappa
a mantle; a cope; a cap; the top part of a flail.

cappilegium
the strap whereby the two parts of a flail are united.

caprarius
a goatherd.

capsella
a chest.

captennium
protection; tax or homage as an acknowledgment thereof, esp. in Guienne.

captio
capture; custody; a prison; ransom.

captivus
a caitiff; a wretch; unfortunate.

captura
a weir.

caput
the first day of a month.

caputagium
See chevagium.

caputium
See capitium.

carabus
a lighter; a coracle.

caracalla
a cloak; a hood.

caracca, caracta
a carrack.

caragius
a sorcerer.

caraxare
to write.

carbonare
to make charcoal.

carbonarius
a collier.

carbonator
a charcoal burner.

carbonella
a steak.

carcannum
pillory; prison.

carcare
to load; to charge.

carcasium, carcoisium
a carcase.

cardetum
a carr, a low marshy place where alders grow.

cardinalis
a cardinal.

cardiolus
a snipe.

cardus
a card, for carding wool; a playing card.

carea
a cart.

careata
a cartload.

carecta
a cart.

carectarius
a carter.

carectata
a cartload.

careia
a cart; a load.

careium, careyum
service of carriage.

carellus
a quarel, a crossbow bolt.

carelta
a cassock.

carentinilla, carentivillus
canvas.

careta, caretta
a cart.

caretarius
a carter.

cargare
to load.

cariagium
service performed with a cart; a baggage train.

cariare
to carry.

cariatio
carriage.

carica
a fig.

carinutus
a cockney.

cariscus
an evergreen tree.

caristare
to make dear.

caristia
dearth.

caritativus
charitable.

carix
sedge.

carnarium
a charnel-house.

carnator morine
a man who slaughters sheep affected with murrain.

carnebrevium
See carniprivium.

carnellare
to crenellate; to embattle.

carnes ferinae
venison.

carnicapium
Shrove Tuesday; carnival.

carnifex
a butcher.

carnificium
a meat market.

carniprivium (carnis privium)
fasting; Lent; Shrovetide.

carogium
a car which bears a standard.

carolare
to sing.

caronator, caroynator
See carnator.

carpatinae
thick boots. (O.E. okers.)

carpentagium
payment for wood-work.

carpentarium
wood-work.

carpentarius
a carpenter; a cartwright.

carpetor, carpetrix
a carder of wool.

carptare
to card.

carra
a car.

carracutium
a chariot.

carrata
a cartload; a carat.

carrea, carreia
a cartload; a cart; the right of carriage through a place.

carreta
a cartload; a carat.

carrica, carrucha
a ship of burden; a large Portuguese ship.

carrietare
to carry.

carrochium
a standard on a cart.

carruca, &c
See caruca, &c.

carta, &c
See charta.

cartallus
a creel; a hamper.

cartare
to convey by charter or by cart.

caruagium
See carucagium.

caruca
a plough; a plough team; a plough land.

carucagium
a tribute imposed on ploughs or plough-lands; liability to plough service.

carucarius
a ploughman.

carucata
a plough-land, the size of which varied. It is mentioned as containing “centum acras ad perticam nostram” (Cl. Roll. 19 H. iii. m. 8); and in the 15th cent. we find “ii. carewes and a half of lond conteynyng lxxx. acres.” (E. C. P. 51, 314.) In some places it was 240 acres, or 8 oxgangs; a team of oxen sufficient to work a carucate, i.e., eight.

carucatarius
one who holds land by plough tenure.

carucator
a carter: a ploughman.

carula
a box: See karula.

carvana
a caravan.

carvela
a caravel, a sailing ship with a square poop, about 120 tons.

casale
a village.

casamentum
See casata.

casata, casatum, casatura
a house with land sufficient to maintain a family; a hide of land.

casatus
a tenant.

caseatrix
a maker of cheese.

cassare
to quash, to annul.

cassatio
nullification.

cassatus
a tenant.

cassea
a box.

cassidile
a purse, pocket, or small coffer; a gamebag, a pouch.

cassus
a case, a box.

castellania
the office of keeping a castle.

castellanus
the owner or captain of a castle.

castellaria, castellarium
the precinct or jurisdiction of a castle.

castenaria
a chestnut tree.

casto
the bezil of a ring.

castrimergus
a woodcock (scolopax rusticola).

castro
a wether.

casula
a small house or church; a chasuble; a casket (?).

casuma
cinders.

catabulum
a shed.

catacrina
the hip.

catallum
cattle; chattels; capital; principal.

catantrum
a trendle.

catapulta
a broad arrow.

catascopus
an archdeacon; a bishop.

catatista
a scolding cart.

catator
a cathunter.

catellare
to tickle.

catellarius
a pedlar.

catenare
to chain.

cathedraticum
See due, a pension paid by parochial ministers to the bishop as composition for his interest in first fruits and offerings.

cathedratus
consecrated (of a bishop).

cathenare
to chain.

cathenarius
a watchdog, a bandog.

catillare
to mew, as a cat.

cattinus
of catskin.

cattus, catus
a cat; a military engine to protect from missiles soldiers attacking the wall of a town, called in classical Latin vinea.

catzurus
See chacurus.

caucettum
a causey.

caula
a sheepfold.

caulamaula
a flute.

caulare
to fold sheep.

cauma
thatch.

cauniare
See canniare.

cautelis
careful, cautious.

cautio
a bond.

cauzea
rubble.

cavalgata
a cavalry expedition.

cavanna
an owl.

cavaria
a coin; a narrow path.

cavilla
the ancle; a peg.

cawagium
a stall, cage, pen.

caya
a quay.

caymiticus
fratricidal, murderous (from Caym, a medieval form of Cain).

cayrellus
a quarel, a crossbow bolt.

cayum
a quay.

cebum
tallow.

ceculicula
a spark.

cedula
See schedula.

celarium
a spence, a buttery, a cupboard.

celatorium
a coverlet.

celda
a chaldron, 36 bushels; the same as selda, a stall.

celdra
a chaldron.

celena ferrea
a scythe (?).

celer
the ceiler or canopy of a bed.

celeragium
cellerage, payment for storing goods in a cellar.

celia
ale made from wheat; wort.

cella
a cell; a small monastery depending on a superior house; a close stool; a saddle (sella).

cellarium
a cellar.

cellarius, cellerarius
a cellarer.

celura
a ceiler.

cementarius
a mason.

cenaculum
breakfast or luncheon; a parlour.

cenapium
mustard.

cendalum
cendal, thin silken cloth.

cendula
wood for roofing a house.

cenella
an acorn.

cenivectare
to carry in a barrow.

cenivectorium
a mudcart, a wheel-barrow.

censa
rent; farm; tax.

censaria, censeria
a rent; a farm let at a standing rent.

censarius
a farmer.

censualis
a person bound to pay a rent to a monastery or church, in return for protection.

censuarius
a farmer.

census
tax, tribute.

centena
a hundredweight; a hundred.

centenarius
a petty judge under the sheriff; a hundredor; a centener, an officer commanding 100 soldiers.

centenus, centuria
the division of a county called a hundred.

centonizare
to arrange for singing.

centuclum
cloth.

centum
sometimes used declinable in the plural.

ceola
a long boat or ship; a keel.

ceorlus
a churl.

cepa
a sand eel (?).

cepes
a hedge (sepes).

cephalia
headache.

cephalus
a blockhead.

ceppa
stocks.

ceppagium
the stump of a tree.

ceppus
a stamp.

cepum
tallow (cebum).

ceragium
waxscot, payment for the supply of candles in a church.

cercella
a teal (anas crecca. Fr. sarcelle).

cerchia
a search.

ceresum
a cherry.

cerevisia, cervisia
beer.

cerisum
a cherry.

cerna
choice; sort.

ceroferarius
a candle bearer, an acolyte.

ceroteca
a glove (chiroteca).

certificare, certiorare, certorare
to certify, to inform.

certitudinaliter
certainly.

certum letae
cert money, paid yearly by the tenants of some manors to the lord.

cerura
a mound or fence; a lock.

cerussa
white lead.

cerverettus, cervericeus, cerveritius, canis
a staghound.

cervicale
a bolster.

cervisiarius, cervisior
a brewer; a tenant who pays rent in beer.

cespitare
to stumble.

chacea
a chace; the right of hunting; a right of way for cattle, droveway.

chaceare
to hunt.

chaceatus
chased (of plate).

chacepollus
See cacepollus.

chacia
a countertally.

chacurus
a horse or hound for hunting.

chalendra
See chelindra.

chalo
a scapulary; a counterpane, a chalon.

chamberlaria
the office of chamberlain.

champertor
See campiparticeps.

chamus
a horse’s bit; a headstall.

charactare, charaxare
to write.

charnarium
a charnel-house; a cemetery.

charreya
a cartload.

charta
paper; a charter.

charta partita
a charter-party.

chartare
to convey by charter.

chartula
a small charter.

chartulare
a cartulary, a register of charters.

chasor
a horse for hunting.

chatia zabuli
silting up with sand.

chaudmella
chaudmedley, much the same as chance medley.

chauma
reeds or sedge.

cheldrum
a chaldron or chaldern, 36 bushels.

chelindra
a flat boat.

cheminagium
cheminage, chiminage; a toll paid for a road through a forest.

cheminata
a chimney.

cheminus
a road; the right of carting crops through another’s land.

chepingabulum
tax paid at market.

cherechsectum
church scot.

cheresettum
church scot.

cherigmannus
one whose duty it was to inspect and fix the boundaries of a manor.

cherisetum, chersettum
church scot.

cheruca
a vane, a weathercock.

cheva
a shive, the bung in which the vent peg was placed.

chevacia selionum
the heads of the furrows.

chevagium
poll money paid by villeins to their lord, “ne vocentur per capita,” or on their marriage or for licence to leave his land; or to a man of power for his protection; also used for payment by the king at shrines.

chevalchia
cavalry; a cavalry expedition; military service as cavalry.

chevantia
a loan of money.

cheverillus
a cockerel; a roebuck.

cheveringus, chevero
a rafter; a joist; a chevron.

chevicia
a loan.

chevescia, cheviscae, chevitiae
heads of ploughed land, headrigs.

chevisare
to obtain by agreement.

cheviserum
a headstall.

chimenea
a chimney; a fireplace.

chimera
a riding cloak; a cope.

chiminachium, chiminagium
See cheminagium.

chiminus
See cheminus.

chintura
a strip of land.

chirographare
to grant by indenture.

chirographarius
a chirographer, writer of chirographs.

chirographum
a chirograph, a public instrument of conveyance, attested by witnesses; an indenture.

chirographus
an officer of the Common Pleas who engrosses fines.

chirotheca
a glove, a gauntlet.

chivagium
payment by nativi to their lord for liberty to leave his lordship: See chevagium.

choercere
for coercere.

chorepiscopus
a suffragan bishop.

chorista
a chorister.

chorus
the choir of a church; a crowth or crowd, a musical instrument of Wales and Scotland, played with a bow.

chrisma
consecrated oil; any ceremony at which it is used, as extreme unction.

chrismale
the cloth laid over a child’s head at baptism.

chrismatorium
a chrismatory, a vessel to contain consecrated oil.

Christicola, Christianicola
a Christian.

chrotta
a crowd, a fiddle.

chursetum
church scot.

chymera
for camera.

ciborium
a canopy or ceiler over the altar; a metal vessel to contain the sacramental bread.

cibutum
a meat safe.

ciccus
for siccus.

cicer
cider.

ciffus, cifus
a cup (scyphus).

cilicium
a hair shirt.

cillaba
a table dormant.

cimbia
a churn; a fillet.

cimeria
the crest on a helmet.

cimiflo
a stoker.

ciminum
cummin.

cindalum
cendale.

cindula, scindula
shingles, lath for roofing.

cingnottus, cingnotus
a cygnet.

cingula
See cindula.

cipha
a sieve, a measure of about 5 qrs.

cipharius
a cup maker.

ciphra
a cipher.

cippus
the stocks.

circa
a watchman.

circada, circata
a fee paid to the bishop or archdeacon at his visitation; church shot, a measure of corn or other produce paid by each householder to the bishop.

circator
a person whose duty it was to to go the rounds, esp. in a cathedral or monastery.

circinatorium
a covering for the altar.

circinnare
to arrange in a circle.

circulare
to put hoops to; to turn.

circulator
a cooper; a turner.

ciricsetum
church scot.

cirografum
See chirographum.

cirotheca
See chirotheca.

cirpi
rushes.

cisara, cisera
cider.

cisimus
ermine.

cissor (scissor)
a tailor; a shearman.

citherator, cithero
a harper.

citolla
a cittern.

citula
a jug.

civera, civeria
a wheelbarrow.

cives
in some cases an elected body of citizens who afterwards became aldermen.

civilista
a civil lawyer.

claccare
to clack wool, i.e., to cut off the the sheep’s mark, whereby it weighs less and yields less custom.

clada, clades
a hurdle or wattle.

claia
a hurdle or wattle.

clamancia
a claim.

clamare
to claim.

clamatio
a claim.

clamator
a crier; a claimant.

clameum, clamium
a claim.

clamivus
an accuser.

clamor
complaint; demand.

clamor popularis
hue and cry.

clamum
a claim.

claretum
a liquor made of wine, honey, and spices; red wine.

clarificatio
anniversary of a saint’s death.

clarigarius armorum
a herald.

clario
a trumpet.

classatorium
a clapper.

classicum
a peal of bells.

clates
a hurdle or wattle.

clatravus
a latch.

clatrum
an enclosure.

clausa
a clause.

clausella
a closet.

clausicula
a closet.

clausio
fortification.

claustralis
living in a cloister.

claustraliter
in convent manner.

claustrum
the precinct of a monastery; the cloister.

claustura
brushwood used for fencing, &c.

clausum
a close.

clausum Pasca or Paschae
the Close of Easter, the Sunday after Easter, Low Sunday.

clausum Pentecostes
Trinity Sunday.

clausura
an enclosure.

clavia, clava
a club or mace.

clavica
a privy (cloaca).

clavicula
a notch, a nock.

clavigarius
a lorriner, a bit maker.

clavinarius
a keeper of keys (?).

clavis
See clavium, clavus.

clavium
a clove.

clavus
a clove, a weight used for wool and other goods, 7 lbs. or 8 lbs.

clawa
a close of land.

claya
a hurdle or wattle.

clea, cleda, cleia
a hurdle or wattle.

clenodium
a jewel, a present.

clericatura
the status of clergyman; clergy.

clericus
a clerk, a clergyman.

clerimonia
an assembly of the canons of a cathedral or of the members of a convent; religion; sobriety.

cleronomus
an heir.

clerus
the clergy; a clerk.

cleya, clida
a hurdle or wattle.

clipsadra
a waterclock (clepsydra).

clito
a prince; an aetheling.

clitorium
a clicket; a latch.

clitunculus
See clito.

clittum
a tire for a wheel: See clutium.

cloca, clocha
a bell; a cloak.

clocarium
a belfry.

clocherium
a belfry.

clostura
See claustura.

cluarium
a forge.

clucetta
a clicket.

clunabulum
a dagger, worn at the side.

clusa
a sluice; a fish stew; a monastery; a pass between mountains.

clustella
a lock of hair.

clutarium
a forge.

clutium, clutum
a shoe; a horse-shoe; the tire for a wheel, or perhaps knobs to serve the same purpose.

clutus
a cloth; a clout.

cnipulus
a knife, a short sword.

cnolla
a knoll, the top of a hill.

cnusticium
a rivet.

coadunare
to collect.

coagulatorium
a churn.

cobba
a cobloaf; a bun.

cocarius
a cook.

coccula
a coarse woolen blanket or mantle.

coconellus
a cockney.

cocula
a cogue, a drinking-cup in form of a boat.

codificatio
repairs.

codrinus
poor.

coenobium
a convent.

cofa
a cup.

cofata
a cupful.

cofeoffatus
a joint feoffee.

coffera
a coffer.

cofferarius
a cofferer.

coffinum, coffinus
a coffer; a coffin.

coffra, cofrum
a coffer.

coga, cogga
a cock-boat or coggle, a small sailing-boat.

cogniare
to coin.

cognitio
homage; cognisance; armorial bearings.

cognitor
a judge; an informer.

cogo
See coga.

cohuagium
a toll paid at a market or fair.

coifa
a coif, the head-dress worn by serjeants-at-law.

coigniare
to coin; to stamp.

coinagium
See cunagium.

cokettum
a custom-house seal; a receipt for the payment of custom.

cokettus
cocket bread, a superior, but not the finest sort.

cokilla
a shell.

cokinus
an inferior servant.

coksetus
a coxswain.

colarium
a collar.

colatorium
a sieve; a colander.

colera
a collar.

colerettus
a necklace.

colerium
a collar.

colibertus
a tenant in socage.

colideus
a Culdee.

colingaria
See coningeria.

collactanea
a fostermother.

collardum
See cuillardum, cullardus.

collare
a ruff.

collarius
carying a load on the neck.

collationare
to collate.

collecta
a collection.

collectaneus
a companion.

collectare, collectarium
a book containing collects.

collistrigium
a pillory.

colobium
a tunic without, or with short, sleeves; a tabard.

colonellus
a colonel.

color
rhyme.

colorare
to rhyme.

colpicium
a pole.

colpo
a fragment; a small wax candle.

columbare
a dovecote.

columbaria
putlog holes.

columbarius
a keeper of pigeons.

columbella
a pigeon.

colustrum
new milk.

comba
a combe, valley.

combustio
trial of money at the Exchequer.

comes
an ealdorman; a count; an earl.

comestio
dinner.

comitatio, comitatus
a county; a county court.

comitiva
a company.

commandare
See commendare.

commarchia
a frontier.

commater, commatrix
used for the relationship between one who has held a child at baptism and the mother, O.E. gomm; a godmother.

commenda
a deposit; when a benefice is given to a layman, or to a clerk for a time, it is said to be given in commendam; a commandry, a benefice in the order of the knights of St. John.

commendare
to lend, to deposit; to order; to put oneself under the protection of another.

commendatarius
one who holds a living in commendam.

commendatitius
of commendation, esp. literae.

commendatus
a person who puts himself under the protection of his superior by doing voluntary homage.

commensale
board; diet; commons.

commensalis
a fellow-boarder, fellow-commoner.

commensare
to begin.

commissarius
a commissary, one who exercises spiritual jurisdiction by commission of a bishop.

commissio
a commission.

commissionarius
one who acts by commission; a commissioner.

commonitio
summons.

commorancia
dwelling, residence.

commothum
a commote, a quarter, or some say a half of a cantred.

communa
common land or property; right of common; commons; a community; a fiscal regulation.

communantia
the communance, the folk having the right of common.

communare
to enjoy the right of common.

communaris
a fellow-citizen.

communarius, communiarius
a commoner.

communes
commons at a college or Inn of Court.

communia
a corporation or community.

communia (pl.): commonalty; commons; ordinary business of a court.

communiae
commons.

communiare
to have right of common.

communicare
to have right of common.

communis clericus
common clerk, or clerk of the commons, now called town clerk.

communis pasture
common of pasture.

communitas
commonalty; sometimes all the citizens, but in this case usually communitas civium.

communitas civitatis
the commonalty of the city, the court or council.

comortha
a collection, especially that made at marriages, and when a priest said his first mass.

comothus
See commothum.

compagator
a suffragan bishop.

companagium
anything eaten with bread; the right of having meals together.

comparticeps, compartionarius
a copartner.

compassare
to compass.

compater
a godfather.

compausare
to cease, to rest.

compellare
to cite; to accuse; to compel.

compellativus
an accuser.

compertorium
a judicial inquest in the civil law made by delegates.

compestralis
See campestralis.

compestratus
See campestratus.

complectorium, completorium
compline, about 7 p.m.; supper.

complicatorium
a counting board, a counter.

compostiare
to manure.

compostum
manure.

compotus
an account.

comptista
an accountant.

compurgator
one who swears to another’s innocence.

computatorium
a counter, a reckoning board; the Counter, the name of two prisons in the Poultry and Wood Street.

computoria
a counting-house.

computorium
See computatorium.

computorum rotulator
a comptroller.

computus
an account.

conalis murus
a gable wall.

concelamentum
concealment.

concelare
to conceal.

concelatio
concealment.

concelator
a concealer, a man who finds out concealed lands.

concernere
to belong; to concern.

concides
felled trees.

conclave
a parlour.

concubiculum, concubile
a bed for two.

condare
to give at the same time.

condictum
a mandate, an edict; a tribunal, a court.

condigena
a fellow-countryman.

condorsum
a ridge or low hill (?).

conductarius
a man employed on water works.

conductus
a conduit.

conductus, salvus
a safe-conduct.

condulus
a buzzard (buteo vulgaris).

conduus
a pear tree, esp. Quarendon.

conestabulus, conestabilis
a constable.

confinium
a boundary.

confiscare
to confiscate.

confortamen
comfort.

confraga
breaking down trees.

confratria
brotherhood; conspiracy.

confrustare, confrustrare
to break in pieces.

congius
a measure containing about a gallon and a pint.

congrua, congrus
a conger (conger vulgaris).

coninga
a rabit; a rabbit skin.

coningeria
a rabbit warren.

conjecturare
to guess.

conjunctorius
a joiner.

conquestare
to acquire, to conquer.

conquestus
property acquired (by inheritance or conquest or otherwise).

conquinare
to defile.

conredium
See corredium.

conscisorium
a guidon, a small standard.

consequentia
a precedent.

considerare
to decree; to award.

consistorium
a council or assembly of ecclesiastical persons, or place of justice in a spiritual court; a seat at table; a meal.

conspicatio
cleaning.

constabilia
ward.

constabilis
a constable.

constabularia
the office of constable.

constabularius
a constable.

constuma
custom.

consuetudinarius
customary; a custumal, a book containing the rites of divine offices, or the customs of a monastery; a man subject to feudal services.

consuetudo
custom, used, as the English word, for a payment imposed on merchandise.

consuetura
use.

consulator
a counsel, a councillor, used especially in Guienne.

consultarius
a councillor.

contenementum
freehold land attached to a man’s dwelling-house; what is necessary for a man’s maintenance.

contentare
to pay; to denote.

conthoralis
husband or wife.

contiguare
to be near.

contra
against, i.e. in time for.

contrabreve
a counter writ.

contrada
a country.

contrafacere
to imitate, to counterfeit.

contrafactor
an imitator, a forger.

contrafactura
a counterfeit.

contraiare
to oppose.

contramandatum
a lawful excuse which a defendant alleges by attorney, to show that the plaintiff has no cause of complaint.

contramurale
an outwork.

contraplacitum
a counter-plea.

contrapositio
a plea or answer.

contrariare
to oppose.

contrariparius
a corrival, a dweller on the opposite bank; a beater on the opposite side of a river when hawking.

contrarotulatio
comptrolment.

contrarotulator
a comptroller.

contrarotulum
a counter-roll.

contrata
a country.

contratallia
a counter-tally.

contratalliator
a counter-talleyer.

contrivare
to contrive.

controfacere
to counterfeit.

contus
a pestle.

conus
a corner.

conveancia
conveyance.

conveare
to convey.

conveiancia
a conveyance.

convenire
to summon, to convene.

conventinare
to covenant.

conventio
a covenant.

conventionare
to covenant.

conversus
a lay monk, lay brother; a converted Jew or Mahommedan.

conviator
a fellow traveller.

convitiare
to rail at.

cooperlectorium
a coverlet.

coopero
See coprones.

coopertia, coopertio
bark and broken wood of felled trees.

coopertor
a tiler; a thatcher.

coopertorium
a coverlet; a roof; a cuirass.

coopertum
covert.

coopertura
a covert; a cuirass; coverture, the condition of a married woman; thatch.

coopertus equus
a barded horse.

coopicium
coppice.

copa
a cop of corn, “sc. xx. garbae” (Sussex); of peas, 15 or 16 sheaves.

coparcenaria
comparcenary.

coparticeps
a coparcener.

copecia
coppice.

copero
See coprones.

coperosa
copperas.

copertorium
See coopertorium.

copertum
cover for game.

cophinus
a coffer; a coffin.

copia
a copy.

copiare
to copy.

copicia
a coppice.

copla
a couple.

copo
twigs.

coppa
See copa.

coppatus
coppice.

coprones
twigs.

copucium
a coppice.

copula
a couple for hounds; a joist; a tiebeam.

coqua
See coga.

coquarius
a cook.

coquinarius
the kitchen steward in a monastery.

coragium
a tribute of certain measures (corus) of corn; or perhaps the same as cornagium.

coralius
a currier.

corarius
a currier.

corballum, corbella
a basket.

corbanus
a rural dean (plebanus) in Ireland.

corbellus
a corbel, a projecting piece of timber to support a weight.

corbio
a basket maker.

corbis
a hive.

corbona
a priest’s treasury or strong box.

corda
a cord; a measure of land, 22 feet; a cord of wood, 8 or 10 feet by 4 feet by 4 feet.

cordarius
a rope maker.

cordebanarius, corduanerius
a cordwainer.

cordelatus
corded.

corderius
a rope maker.

cordewana, corduana
cordwain, Cordovan leather.

corduanarius
a cordwainer.

cordula
a string.

corerius
a courier.

coretes
weirs. (Welsh, cored.)

corgigatorium
a churn.

corigia, corigium
See corrigia.

coriletum
a hazel copse.

corluvus
a curlew (numenius arquata).

cormusa
See cornamusa.

cornagium
cornage, horngeld, payment for right to graze cattle on moor or common; a rent or tax paid on oxen.

cornamusa
a cornemuse, a Cornish bagpipe.

cornare
to blow a horn.

cornarius
a horner; a horn blower.

cornellatus
See carnellare.

cornera, corneria, cornerium
a corner.

cornicallus
a corn on the foot.

corniculare
to blow a horn.

cornisare, cornuare
to blow a horn.

corodium, &c
See corredium.

coronale
a wreath, a crown.

coronamentum
coronation.

coronare
to crown; to make a person a priest; to perform the tonsure.

coronarius
a coroner.

coronatio
coronation.

coronator
a coroner.

coronellus
a colonel.

coronix
a cornice.

corositas
rottenness.

corporale, corporarium
a corporas.

corpus castri
the castle without the surrounding town, &c.

corralius
a currier.

correctarius
a licensed broker.

corrediarius
the holder of a corrody: See corredium.

corredium, corridium
a corrody, money or allowance due by a monastery to the founder for the maintenance of one of his servants; an allowance of any kind; a livery.

corrigia
a strip of land, leather, &c.; a girdle; a shoe latchet.

corrigiarius
a girdler.

corrodium
See corredium.

cortina
a curtain.

cortinarius
a curtain maker: See cortinetus.

cortinatus
curtained.

cortinetus
a man in charge of the king’s tents.

cortis
a courtyard.

cortularium
a farmyard.

corulus
hazel.

corus
a corn measure, perhaps 8 bushels.

corusta
used for chorista.

corvata, corveia
compulsory work done by tenant for lord.

corversarius, corvisarius
a cordwainer; a cobbler.

cosduma
custom.

costa
a rib, a side; a basket; cost.

costamentum
cost.

costera
coast.

costerillum
a flagon.

costillagium
a rent in the Channel Islands.

costiterunt
they cost.

costrellus
a drinking cup, often of wood.

costula
clove (of garlic, &c.).

costuma
custom.

cota
a cot; a tunic; a hat; a sheepcote.

cotagium
a cottage, originally meant the land attached to a cot.

cotarius
a cotter.

cotellus
a cottage.

coterellus
a servile tenant; a bandit.

coteria, coterium
a cottage.

cotmannus
a cottager.

cotsethla
a cottage, a small farmhouse.

cotsethus, cotsetlus, cotsetellus
a cottager.

cotuca
a cloak; coat armour.

couperagium
cooper’s work.

coupiator
a woodman.

courba
See corvata.

courearius
a currier.

courtepia
a courtepye, a short cloak.

covina, covinia
covin, a compact for purposes of fraud.

covinosus
fraudulently.

craantare
See creantare.

craiera
a crayer, or smack.

crampo
a crampon, a grappling iron, or metal fastening in jewellery.

cranagium
liberty to use a crane; profit made by a crane.

cranare
to lift goods with a crane.

crannocum
a crannock, a measure of corn; a basket.

crariolus
a rake.

craspiscis
a whale.

crassipulum
a cresset.

cratera
a chest or coffin.

craticula
a gridiron; a lattice.

cratis
a wattle; a crate.

cravare
to impeach.

creancia
credit.

creantare
to give security for.

creantum
security.

creca, crecca
a creek.

credentia
faith, belief; a small table to hold the vessels of the altar.

crementum
increase.

cremium
refuse tallow.

crenellare
See carnellare.

creputellus
a cracknel.

crescens
a crescent.

cressans
a crescent.

cresta
the crest of a bank.

crestare murum
to complete the top of a wall with coping stones.

crestura
coping; the ridge of a roof.

cretena, cretinus
a torrent.

crevacia
a crevice, a crack.

crevina
increase (?).

crimisinum
crimson.

crinium
the skull.

cristianare
to convert to Christianity.

crocardus
a crocard, bad money, prohibited by statute 27 Edw. I.

croccus
a crowbar.

crocea, crocia
a crook; a crosier; investiture of episcopal sees; dress worn by regular canons.

crociarius
a cross-bearer.

crocus
a crook.

croeria
a shrike (lanius excubitor).

croffeta, crofta, croftum
a croft; a close.

cromio
a strap. (Fr. creim.)

cronarius
a man in charge of farm stock.

cronnus
a measure of four bushels.

cropa, croppa, croppus
a crop; twigs.

crotia
See crocea.

crotta
a crowd, a fiddle.

crucesignatus
a crusader; one who has taken the cross.

crucibulum
a cresset.

crucifer
a Crossed or Crutched Friar.

crufta
a croft.

cruppa
a horse’s croup.

crupparium
a crupper.

crusiatus
having taken the cross.

crustare
to daub; to plaster.

crustum
embossed plate.

crux
sometimes used for crus.

crypta
a chapel or oratory under ground.

cubare
to lie down.

cubicare
to go to bed.

cucneus
See cuneus.

cuculla, cucullus
a long, full garment without sleeves; a cape; a cowl.

cucullatus
wearing a cowl; a monk.

cufa
a cup.

cufata
a cupful.

cuillarda
a chilver, a ewe lamb.

cuillardum
a spoonful, ladleful.

culagium
placing a ship in dock; keelage.

culcitra
a cushion, a bed.

Culdeus
a Culdee, clergy in Scotland and Ireland from the 6th to 11th centuries whose chief place was Iona.

culigna
bellows.

cullardus
a wether (?).

culmus
sometimes used for culmen.

cultellarius
a cutler.

culvertagium
confiscation; servitude.

cumba
a coomb, a measure of corn, 4 bushels.

cumbla
a roof; a ridge.

cumgruus
a conger.

cumelingus
comeling, i.e. newly arrived, used of cattle.

cumillia
equality (?).

cuminum
cummin.

cumulus
the chancel of a church; vaulting; a straw-rick or pook of corn.

cuna
coin.

cunagium
coinage; stamp.

cunare, cuneare
to coin.

cuneragium
some toll.

cunere
to coin.

cuneus
a stamp; a coinage; a mint.

cunicularium
a rabbit warren.

cuniculus
a coney, a rabbit.

cuningeria
a rabbit warren.

cuninus
a rabbit.

cupa
a cup.

cuparius
a cooper.

cupatorium
a vat.

cuperagium
cooperage.

cuperius
a cooper.

cuppa
a ship of burden; a lighter; a cup.

cupperius
a cooper.

curagulus
a caretaker.

curallum
coral; some kind of corn or meal.

curator
an attorney in ecclesiastical cases.

curatus
careful; a clergyman in charge; with cure of souls (of a benefice).

curba
some piece of timber.

curcula
a cable.

curda
a measure used for spices.

curetarius
a curator; an examiner.

curia
a court; frequently used for curia Romana, meaning simply Rome.

curialis, littera
court hand.

curialitas
courtesy.

currifrugium
a riddle, a sieve.

cursalis
current.

cursaria
See cursoria.

curserius
a courser (horse).

curso
a ridge of land.

cursor
a courier; a crier.

cursoria
a swift ship.

curta
See curtis.

Curtana
Curteyn, the name of the sword of Edward the Confessor.

curtena
a curtain.

curtilagium
a curtilage, a courtyard or piece of land near a house.

curtiles terrae
court lands; demesne lands.

curtillum
See curtilagium.

curtina
a curtain.

curtinatus
curtained.

curtis, curtus
a court; a courtyard; a house and farm; a pound, a pinfold.

curtisanus
a courtier.

curuca
a carrack, a large Portuguese ship.

cussina
a cushion.

custa, custagium, custamentum, custantia
cost.

custamentum
sometimes used for custodia.

custare
to cost.

custodes bonorum ecclesiae
churchwardens.

custodia
wardship; a ward of a town.

custuma
custom.

custumannus
a customary tenant.

custumare
to assess for payment of custom; to pay custom.

custumarius
customary; subject to payment of custom; a collector of customs.

custus
cost.

cutellarius
a cutler.

cutellus
a knife.

cuteus
of skin.

cuva
a vat.

cuvarius
a cooper.

cyclas
a long garment, close at the top and wide below.

cylicium
a hair shirt.

cyrenarumpilus
sealskin.

cyrographum, &c
See chirographum.

cyula
a ship.