PLATINUM, Pt (78)

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Platinum
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PLATINUM

Pt (78)

ˈplætɪnəm

PHONETICS

Platinum is a dense, malleable, ductile, highly unreactive, precious, grey-white transition metal. It has six naturally occurring isotopes and is one of the rarer elements in the Earth’s crust with an average abundance of approximately 5 μg/kg. It occurs in some nickel and copper ores and due to its scarcity in the Earth’s crust, only a few hundred tonnes are produced annually.

ELEMENT BRIEF

1735 by Antonio de Ulloa, South America.

DISCOVERY

Spanish 'platina' meaning 'silver'.

ETYMOLOGY

Platinum

ELEMENT

Pt

SYMBOL

78

ATOMIC NUMBER

7440-06-4

CAS NUMBER
element

ELEMENTAL SPECTRUM


Grey

ELEMENTAL COLOUR


-

REFRACTIVE INDEX


0.380

POISSON RATIO


9.250 cm³

MOLAR VOLUME


392.00M Pa, 3.868'7k Atm

BRINELL HARDNESS


3.50

MOHS HARDNESS


549.00M Pa, 5.418'2k Atm

VICKERS HARDNESS


2,680 m/s, Mach 7.813'4

SPEED OF SOUND


230.00G Pa, 2.269'9M Atm

BULK MODULUS


61.00G Pa, 602.023'2k Atm

SHEAR MODULUS


168.00G Pa, 1.658'0M Atm

YOUNG MODULUS


ALLOTROPES

NONE

2,041.45 K, 1,768.30 °C

MELTING POINT


4,098.15 K, 3,825.00 °C

BOILING POINT


-

AUTOMATIC IGNITION


-

FLASHPOINT


-

CRITICAL TEMPERATURE


-

CRITICAL PRESSURE


72.000'000 W/(m K)

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY


0.000'008'8 K¯¹

THERMAL EXPANSION


133.00 J/(kg K)

SPECIFIC HEAT


20.000 kJ/mol

HEAT FUSION


490.000 kJ/mol

HEAT VAPORISATION


-

HEAT COMBUSTION


-

CURIE POINT


-

NEEL POINT


-

ADIABATIC INDEX


Solid

PHASE

Conductor

ELECTRICAL TYPE


9.40M S/m

CONDUCTIVITY


110.00n Ω.m

RESISTIVITY


-

SUPERCONDUCTING POINT


Paramagnetic

MAGNETIC TYPE


0.000'000'012'2

MASS SUSCEPTIBILITY


0.000'000'002'380'00

MOLAR SUSCEPTIBILITY


0.000'257'300'00

VOLUME SUSCEPTIBILITY

Transition Metal

CLASSIFICATION


195.077'807'9

ATOMIC WEIGHT


174 pm

ATOMIC RADIUS


123 pm

COVALENT RADIUS SINGLE BOND


112 pm

COVALENT RADIUS DOUBLE BOND


110 pm

COVALENT RADIUS TRIPLE BOND


209 pm

VAN DER WAALS RADIUS


[Xe]6s²4f¹⁴5d⁹

ELECTRON CONFIGURATION


Cubic, Face-centred

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE


21.090'00 g/cm³

DENSITY AS SOLID


19.770'00 g/cm³

DENSITY AS LIQUID


-

DENSITY AS GAS


Fm_3m

SPACE GROUP NAME


225

SPACE GROUP NUMBER


π/2, π/2 π/2

LATTICE ANGLES


392.42, 392.42 392.42 pm

LATTICE CONSTANTS

6

VALENCE


2.28

ELECTRONEGATIVITY


205.04 kJ/mol

ELECTRON AFFINITY


IONISATION ENERGY

element element

0.000'000'5 %

UNIVERSE


0.000'068 %

METEORITES


0.000'000'9 %

SUN


0.000'003'7 %

EARTH CRUST


-

OCEANS


-

HUMANS

Stable

HALF LIFE


Stable

LIFETIME


5s⁹ = 5, 2, +1, -1/2

QUANTUM NUMBERS


11.710'00 b σs

NEUTRON CROSS SECTION


10.300'00 b σa

NEUTRON MASS ABSORPTION


STABLE ISOTOPES

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UNSTABLE ISOTOPES

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ISOTOPIC CHAIN

CENTRALDATACORE

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