PHOSPHORUS, P (15)

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Elemental Tile

Phosphorus

···

OVERVIEW

PHOSPHORUS

P (15)

ˈfɒsfərəs

PHONETICS

IDENTIFICATION

Phosphorus exists in two major forms, white and red phosphorus, but due to its high reactivity, it is never found as a free element on Earth. Instead phosphorus-containing minerals are almost always present in their maximally oxidised state, as inorganic phosphate rocks.

ELEMENT BRIEF

1669 by Hennig Brand, Germany.

DISCOVERY

Latin, phōsphorus, from Ancient Greek φωσφόρος (phōsphóros, 'the bearer of light').

ETYMOLOGY

Phosphorus

ELEMENT

P

SYMBOL

15

ATOMIC NUMBER

7723-14-0

CAS NUMBER

PHYSICAL

ELEMENTAL SPECTRUM

Colourless

ELEMENTAL COLOUR

1.001'212

REFRACTIVE INDEX

-

POISSON RATIO

16.991 cm³

MOLAR VOLUME

-

BRINELL HARDNESS

-

MOHS HARDNESS

-

VICKERS HARDNESS

-

SPEED OF SOUND

11.00G Pa, 108.561'6k Atm

BULK MODULUS

-

SHEAR MODULUS

-

YOUNG MODULUS

ALLOTROPES

THERMODYNAMIC

317.35 K, 44.20 °C

MELTING POINT

553.65 K, 280.50 °C

BOILING POINT

573.15 K, 300.00 °C

AUTOMATIC IGNITION

303.15 K, 30.00 °C

FLASHPOINT

-

CRITICAL TEMPERATURE

-

CRITICAL PRESSURE

0.236'000 W/(m K)

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

-

THERMAL EXPANSION

769.7 J/(kg K)

SPECIFIC HEAT

0.64 kJ/mol

HEAT FUSION

12.4 kJ/mol

HEAT VAPORISATION

-

HEAT COMBUSTION

-

CURIE POINT

-

NEEL POINT

-

ADIABATIC INDEX

Solid

PHASE

ELECTROMAGNETIC

Conductor

ELECTRICAL TYPE

10.00M S/m

CONDUCTIVITY

100.00n Ω.m

RESISTIVITY

-

SUPERCONDUCTING POINT

Diamagnetic

MAGNETIC TYPE

-0.000'000'011'3

MASS SUSCEPTIBILITY

-0.000'000'000'350'00

MOLAR SUSCEPTIBILITY

-0.000'020'600'00

VOLUME SUSCEPTIBILITY

STRUCTURE

Non Metal

CLASSIFICATION

30.973'761'6

ATOMIC WEIGHT

98 pm

ATOMIC RADIUS

111 pm

COVALENT RADIUS SINGLE BOND

102 pm

COVALENT RADIUS DOUBLE BOND

94 pm

COVALENT RADIUS TRIPLE BOND

180 pm

VAN DER WAALS RADIUS

[Ne]3s²3P³

ELECTRON CONFIGURATION

Orthorhombic, Body-centred

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE

1.823'00 g/cm³

DENSITY AS SOLID

-

DENSITY AS LIQUID

-

DENSITY AS GAS

P-1

SPACE GROUP NAME

2

SPACE GROUP NUMBER

1, 1.577'25 1.248'96

LATTICE ANGLES

1145, 550.3 1126.1 pm

LATTICE CONSTANTS

REACTIVITY

5

VALENCE

2.19

ELECTRONEGATIVITY

72.03 kJ/mol

ELECTRON AFFINITY

IONISATION ENERGY

ELEMENTAL DISTRIBUTION

0.000'4 %

UNIVERSE

0.11 %

METEORITES

0.000'7 %

SUN

0.099 %

EARTH CRUST

0.000'007 %

OCEANS

1.1 %

HUMANS

ISOTOPES

Stable

HALF LIFE

Stable

LIFETIME

3p³ = 3, 1, -1, +1/2

QUANTUM NUMBERS

3.312'00 b σ_s

NEUTRON CROSS SECTION

0.172'00 b σ_a

NEUTRON MASS ABSORPTION

STABLE ISOTOPES

UNSTABLE ISOTOPES

ISOTOPIC CHAIN

Isotope	Stability	Symbol	Type	Protons		Neutrons		Spin	Parity	Mass		Abundance		Mass Measure	Mass Excess		Binding Energy		Dipole Moment		Quadrupole Moment	Halflife in Years		Halflife in Seconds		A01 Decay Probability		A01 Decay Mode	A01 Decay Energy		A01 Decay Daughter	A01 Decay Link	A02 Decay Probability		A02 Decay Mode	A02 Decay Energy		A02 Decay Daughter	A02 Decay Link	A03 Decay Probability		A03 Decay Mode	A03 Decay Energy		A03 Decay Daughter	A03 Decay Link	Y01 Decay Product Yield		Y01 Decay Product Nuclide	Y02 Decay Product Yield		Y02 Decay Product Nuclide	Y03 Decay Product Yield		Y03 Decay Product Nuclide	Y04 Decay Product Yield		Y04 Decay Product Nuclide	Y05 Decay Product Yield		Y05 Decay Product Nuclide
Isotope_015_p_24_u	Unstable	²⁴P	Fermion	15	p	9	n	1	1	24.034'350'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	31.997'000'000'0	MeV	6.249'000'000'0	MeV	-		-	?				?	%	p	936.000	keV	²³Si	²⁴P > [ ? % , p , 936.0 keV ] > ²³Si	?	%	β+	20,220.000	keV	²⁴Si	²⁴P > [ ? % , β+ , 20,220.0 keV ] > ²⁴Si								?	%	²³Na	?	%	²²Ne	?	%	²¹Ne	?	%	²⁰Ne	?	%	²⁴Mg
Isotope_015_p_25_u	Unstable	²⁵P	Boson	15	p	10	n	1/2	1	25.020'260'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	18.872'000'000'0	MeV	6.847'000'000'0	MeV	-		-	9.51E-16	year	30.000	nano-seconds ( x⁻⁹ )	?	%	p	828.000	keV	²⁴Si	²⁵P > [ ? % , p , 828.0 keV ] > ²⁴Si															?	%	²³Na	?	%	²⁰Ne	?	%	²⁴Mg
Isotope_015_p_26_u	Unstable	²⁶P	Fermion	15	p	11	n	3	1	26.011'780'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	10.973'000'000'0	MeV	7.198'000'000'0	MeV	-		-	9.51E-10	year	30.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	98.000'000	%	β+	17,096.000	keV	²⁶Si	²⁶P > [ 98 % , β+ , 17,096.0 keV ] > ²⁶Si	1.000'000	%	β+2p	?	keV	²⁴Mg	²⁶P > [ 1 % , β+2p , ? keV ] > ²⁴Mg	0.009'000	%	β+p	?	keV	²⁵Al	²⁶P > [ 0.009 % , β+p , ? keV ] > ²⁵Al	98.000'000	%	²⁶Mg	1.000'000	%	²⁵Mg	0.900'000	%	²⁵Mg
Isotope_015_p_27_u	Unstable	²⁷P	Boson	15	p	12	n	1/2	1	26.999'230'236'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-0.717'030'000'0	MeV	7.663'237'000'0	MeV	-		-	8.24E-9	year	260.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	100.000'000	%	β+	10,645.100	keV	²⁹Si	²⁷P > [ 100 % , β+ , 10,645.1 keV ] > ²⁹Si	0.070'000	%	β+2p	?	keV	²⁶Al	²⁷P > [ 0.07 % , β+2p , ? keV ] > ²⁶Al								100.000'000	%	²⁷Al	0.070'000	%	²⁶Mg
Isotope_015_p_28_u	Unstable	²⁸P	Fermion	15	p	13	n	3	1	27.992'314'761'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-7.158'753'000'0	MeV	7.907'873'000'0	MeV	-		-	8.57E-9	year	270.300	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	100.000'000	%	β+	13,311.840	keV	²⁸Si	²⁸P > [ 100 % , β+ , 13,311.84 keV ] > ²⁸Si	0.001'300	%	β+2p	?	keV	²⁶Al	²⁸P > [ 0.0013 % , β+2p , ? keV ] > ²⁶Al	0.000'009	%	β+p	?	keV	²⁴Mg	²⁸P > [ 0.0000086 % , β+p , ? keV ] > ²⁴Mg	100.000'000	%	²⁸Si	0.001'300	%	²⁷Al	0.000'860	%	²⁴Mg
Isotope_015_p_29_u	Unstable	²⁹P	Boson	15	p	14	n	1/2	1	28.981'800'606'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-16.952'626'000'0	MeV	8.251'228'000'0	MeV	1.234'900'000'0	nm	-	1.31E-7	year	4.142	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β+	3,920.220	keV	²⁹Si	²⁹P > [ 100 % , β+ , 3,920.22 keV ] > ²⁹Si															100.000'000	%	²⁹Si
Isotope_015_p_30_u	Unstable	³⁰P	Fermion	15	p	15	n	1	1	29.978'313'789'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-20.200'575'000'0	MeV	8.353'496'000'0	MeV	-		-	4.75E-6	year	149.898	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β+	3,210.152	keV	³⁰Si	³⁰P > [ 100 % , β+ , 3,210.152 keV ] > ³⁰Si															100.000'000	%	³⁰Si
Isotope_015_p_31_s	Stable	³¹P	Boson	15	p	16	n	1/2	1	30.973'761'629'0	u	100.000'000	%	30.973'761'629'0	-24.440'885'000'0	MeV	8.481'178'000'0	MeV	1.131'600'000'0	nm	-	-
Isotope_015_p_32_u	Unstable	³²P	fermion	15	p	17	n	1	1	31.973'907'274'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-24.305'218'000'0	MeV	8.464'130'000'0	MeV	-0.252'400'000'0	nm	-	3.90E-2	year	1.232	mega-seconds ( x⁶ )	100.000'000	%	β-	1,710.479	keV	³²Si	³²P > [ 100 % , β- , 1,710.479 keV ] > ³²Si															100.000'000	%	³²S
Isotope_015_p_33_u	Unstable	³³P	Boson	15	p	18	n	1/2	1	32.971'725'543'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-26.337'486'000'0	MeV	8.513'811'000'0	MeV	-		-	6.94E-2	year	2.189	mega-seconds ( x⁶ )	100.000'000	%	β-	248.510	keV	³³Si	³³P > [ 100 % , β- , 248.51 keV ] > ³³Si															100.000'000	%	³³S
Isotope_015_p_34_u	Unstable	³⁴P	Fermion	15	p	19	n	1	1	33.973'636'257'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-24.557'669'000'0	MeV	8.448'449'000'0	MeV	-		-	3.94E-7	year	12.430	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β-	5,374.120	keV	³⁴Si	³⁴P > [ 100 % , β- , 5,374.12 keV ] > ³⁴Si															100.000'000	%	³⁴S
Isotope_015_p_35_u	Unstable	³⁵P	Boson	15	p	20	n	2/1	1	34.973'314'117'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-24.857'740'000'0	MeV	8.446'247'000'0	MeV	-		-	1.50E-6	year	47.300	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β-	3,988.620	keV	³⁵Si	³⁵P > [ 100 % , β- , 3,988.62 keV ] > ³⁵Si															100.000'000	%	³⁵Cl
Isotope_015_p_36_u	Unstable	³⁶P	Fermion	15	p	21	n	4	-1	35.978'259'680'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-20.250'977'000'0	MeV	8.307'866'000'0	MeV	-		-	1.77E-7	year	5.600	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β-	10,413.100	keV	³⁶Si	³⁶P > [ 100 % , β- , 10,413.1 keV ] > ³⁶Si															100.000'000	%	³⁶S
Isotope_015_p_37_u	Unstable	³⁷P	Boson	15	p	22	n	1/2	1	36.979'608'946'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-18.994'145'000'0	MeV	8.267'505'000'0	MeV	-		-	7.32E-8	year	2.310	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β-	7,902.200	keV	³⁷Si	³⁷P > [ 100 % , β- , 7,902.2 keV ] > ³⁷Si															100.000'000	%	³⁷Cl
Isotope_015_p_38_u	Unstable	³⁸P	Fermion	15	p	23	n	?	0	37.984'156'827'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-14.757'820'000'0	MeV	8.150'860'000'0	MeV	-		-	2.03E-8	year	640.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	88.000'000	%	β-	12,103.000	keV	³⁸Si	³⁸P > [ 88 % , β- , 12,103.0 keV ] > ³⁸Si	12.000'000	%	β-n	4,067.000	keV	³⁷S	³⁸P > [ 12 % , β-n , 4,067.0 keV ] > ³⁷S								88.000'000	%	³⁸Ar	12.000'000	%	³⁷Cl
Isotope_015_p_39_u	Unstable	³⁹P	Boson	15	p	24	n	1/2	1	38.986'179'475'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-12.873'735'000'0	MeV	8.100'510'000'0	MeV	-		-	6.02E-9	year	190.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	74.000'000	%	β-	10,289.000	keV	³⁹Si	³⁹P > [ 74 % , β- , 10,289.0 keV ] > ³⁹Si	26.000'000	%	β-n	5,916.000	keV	³⁸S	³⁹P > [ 26 % , β-n , 5,916.0 keV ] > ³⁸S								74.000'000	%	³⁹K	26.000'000	%	³⁸Ar
Isotope_015_p_40_u	Unstable	⁴⁰P	Fermion	15	p	25	n	?	0	39.991'296'951'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-8.106'838'000'0	MeV	7.980'608'000'0	MeV	-		-	4.85E-9	year	153.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	84.000'000	%	β-	14,760.000	keV	⁴⁰Si	⁴⁰P > [ 84 % , β- , 14,760.0 keV ] > ⁴⁰Si	15.800'000	%	β-n	9,684.000	keV	³⁹S	⁴⁰P > [ 15.8 % , β-n , 9,684.0 keV ] > ³⁹S								84.000'000	%	⁴⁰Ar	15.800'000	%	³⁹K
Isotope_015_p_41_u	Unstable	⁴¹P	Boson	15	p	26	n	1/2	1	40.994'335'435'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-5.276'508'000'0	MeV	7.913'788'000'0	MeV	-		-	4.75E-9	year	150.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	70.000'000	%	β-	13,743.000	keV	⁴¹Si	⁴¹P > [ 70 % , β- , 13,743.0 keV ] > ⁴¹Si	30.000'000	%	β-n	9,519.000	keV	⁴⁰S	⁴¹P > [ 30 % , β-n , 9,519.0 keV ] > ⁴⁰S								70.000'000	%	⁴¹K	30.000'000	%	⁴⁰Ar
Isotope_015_p_42_u	Unstable	⁴²P	Fermion	15	p	27	n	?	0	42.001'007'913'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	0.938'865'000'0	MeV	7.769'554'000'0	MeV	-		-	3.80E-9	year	120.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	50.000'000	%	β-n	11,887.000	keV	⁴¹Si	⁴²P > [ 50 % , β-n , 11,887.0 keV ] > ⁴¹Si	50.000'000	%	β-	18,616.000	keV	⁴²S	⁴²P > [ 50 % , β- , 18,616.0 keV ] > ⁴²S								52.000'000	%	⁴¹K	48.000'000	%	⁴²Ca	?	%	⁴⁰Ar
Isotope_015_p_43_u	Unstable	⁴³P	Boson	15	p	28	n	1/2	1	43.006'190'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	5.765'948'000'0	MeV	7.664'314'000'0	MeV	-		-	1.05E-9	year	33.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	100.000'000	%	β-n	15,372.000	keV	⁴²Si	⁴³P > [ 100 % , β-n , 15,372.0 keV ] > ⁴²Si															96.000'000	%	⁴²Ca	4.000'000	%	⁴¹K
Isotope_015_p_44_u	Unstable	⁴⁴P	Fermion	15	p	29	n	?	0	44.012'990'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	12.100'000'000'0	MeV	7.530'000'000'0	MeV	-		-	9.51E-10	year	30.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	?	%	β-	21,216.000	keV	⁴⁴Si	⁴⁴P > [ ? % , β- , 21,216.0 keV ] > ⁴⁴Si															?	%	⁴⁴Ca	?	%	⁴³Ca	?	%	⁴²Ca
Isotope_015_p_45_u	Unstable	⁴⁵P	Boson	15	p	30	n	1/2	1	45.019'220'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	17.903'000'000'0	MeV	7.413'000'000'0	MeV	-		-	2.54E-10	year	8.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	?	%	β-	21,160.000	keV	⁴⁵S	⁴⁵P > [ ? % , β- , 21,160.0 keV ] > ⁴⁵S															?	%	⁴⁵Sc	?	%	⁴⁴Ca	?	%	⁴²Ca
Isotope_015_p_46_u	Unstable	⁴⁶P	Fermion	15	p	31	n	?	0	46.027'380'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	25.504'000'000'0	MeV	7.262'000'000'0	MeV	-		-	1.27E-10	year	4.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	?	%	β-	24,810.000	keV	⁴⁶S	⁴⁶P > [ ? % , β- , 24,810.0 keV ] > ⁴⁶S															?	%	⁴⁵Sc	?	%	⁴⁶Ti

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